Peale, Jonathan, House
Why it's listed
Built around 1845 for Jonathan Peale at the crossroads that bears his family's name, this brick house sits five miles east of Harrisonburg in Rockingham County. It has five bays, two and a half stories, a limestone foundation and a center-hall plan. A two-story pedimented portico with stucco-covered Tuscan columns marks the front, and the facade is laid in an unusual staggered Flemish bond. Inside, the paneled window reveals, wainscoting and staircase survive with little change. A brick slave quarter stands about 50 feet north and is described as a rare survivor in the Shenandoah Valley. The property was also important during the Civil War. In April 1862 Confederate General Stonewall Jackson quartered here while his troops camped across the road, and the house served as a command center and hospital around the battles of Cross Keys and Port Republic. The period of significance ends with the death of John B. Peale in 1934.
Significance in brief: The house is significant under Criterion A for military history because Confederate General Stonewall Jackson used it as headquarters and a command center in April 1862 and during the Cross Keys and Port Republic campaign. Under Criterion C it is an exceptional Greek Revival house in the Shenandoah Valley, noted for its staggered Flemish-bond brickwork, two-story portico and interior woodwork. The brick slave quarter is a rare surviving example in the region.
Machine-generated summary. This summary was generated by a language model from the official nomination document and has not been reviewed line by line by an editor. It may contain errors. Check the source document before relying on any detail. Source: nomination document (PDF) · National Archives catalog entry. NRHP reference 07001144, listed November 1, 2007. Summary generated October 2026 (model claude-sonnet-5-5, prompt v1.0-2026-10-29, confidence high).
Key facts
| Address | 67 Cross Keys Rd., Harrisonburg |
|---|---|
| County | Rockingham County |
| Listed | November 1, 2007 |
| Reference number | 07001144 |
| Resource type | Building |
| Period of significance | circa 1845-1934 |
| Architect / builder | Unknown |
| Architectural style | Mid-19th Century: Greek Revival |
| Criteria |
|
| Areas of significance | Military, Architecture |
| Level of significance | Local |
| Status (as stated in the nomination) | Still used as a single dwelling; the slave quarter and basement were undergoing renovation at the time of the form. |
| Acreage | 2.5 |
| Coordinates | 38.39211, -78.81065 (NPS GIS) |
What listing means for this property
National Register listing is honorary for a privately owned home: it does not by itself restrict what an owner may do with their own money, and it does not require public access. Restrictions come from local landmark or historic-district ordinances, which are separate (how they differ).
Owner-occupied houses are not eligible for the 20% federal rehabilitation tax credit, which applies to income-producing buildings, but many states offer credits for homeowners. Listing also opens the door to preservation easements and to buying a plaque. Start with what listing means for homeowners, renovating a listed house and selling one.
General information, not legal or tax advice. Rules change; confirm with your State Historic Preservation Office or a qualified adviser.
Sources and further reading
- National Park Service, National Register of Historic Places database (snapshot May 2026), reference 07001144.
- Nomination form (PDF, National Archives) — catalog entry
- Wikipedia article (used for cross-checking only; text not reproduced here)
- Wikidata Q15229715
- This listing as JSON
Last updated October 2026. Found an error? See the editorial policy for how to report it.