Simmons-Cullars House

Twelve Oaks, also called the Simmons-Cullars House, is a farm complex in rural Lincoln County, Georgia, near the Goshen community. Its core is a two-story, side-gabled I-house built about 1826 with heavy pegged timber framing and weatherboard siding. Rear ells were added about 1830 and 1905, and a detached kitchen was later joined to the house by a corridor. Ten historic outbuildings survive, including a smokehouse, chicken house, brooder house, store, carriage house, greenhouse, and log playhouse. The property is notable architecturally because early I-houses are uncommon in Georgia and because its additions record changing owner needs. It is also significant in agriculture and commerce. The farm grew to nearly 1,500 acres by the Civil War, grew mainly cotton and corn, and later became a center of the local lumber business under T. W. Cullars. The store served tenant farmers and neighbors into the 1950s, and the period of significance closes with Cullars's death in 1948.