{"nrhp_refnum":"99000843","name":"Indera Mills","other_names":["Maline Mills"],"category":"building","location":{"address":"400 S. Marshall St.","address_restricted":false,"city":"Winston-Salem","county":"Forsyth County","state":"NC","lat":36.08966527100006,"lon":-80.24701082799999,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1999-07-15","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Industry"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"The Indera Mills complex is a group of early twentieth-century knit-goods factory buildings at the southwestern corner of Wachovia Street and South Marshall Street in Winston-Salem, Forsyth County, North Carolina. The main two-story brick building dates from about 1904, with a 1916 south addition, and the complex also includes a boiler room and two flat-roof buildings built between 1907 and 1912.","why_significant":"The nomination argues the complex is significant under Criterion A for its role in the early twentieth-century textile industry of Winston-Salem, part of a small industrial center between Salem and Winston developed by the Fries family. It connects the Maline Mills and Indera Mills knit-goods operations to the city's growth beyond tobacco. It also notes that long-term use of the coal-fired boiler helped preserve a high level of historic integrity.","narrative":"Brick factory buildings at the southwestern corner of Wachovia and South Marshall Streets in Winston-Salem, begun in 1904 as a knit-goods mill. The two-story main building has segmental arch windows, decorative curved rafter ends, and a five-to-one common bond brick wall. A 1916 south addition by Northup & O'Brien Architects closely matches the original. The complex was built for Wachovia Knitting Company, later Maline Mills, which made ladies' knit vests and underwear. Colonel Francis H. Fries, a leading figure in the city's textile development, founded Maline Mills around 1900. Indera Mills occupied the complex from 1926 until 1998, producing knit slips and related garments. It is significant as an example of the early twentieth-century textile industry that helped build Winston-Salem alongside tobacco. The buildings were also central to the Fries family's nearby industrial enterprises.","period_of_significance":"C. 1904-1948","architect_builder":"Northup & O'Brien Architects (1916 addition)","architectural_style":"OTHER: early 20th century industrial","criteria":["A"],"status_note":"Occupied by Indera Mills until 1998; the complex retains high historic integrity.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.1-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 17:11:42.232277-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/80/7202/47720280/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_NC/99000843.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/99000843/d1b03dc4bf-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/99000843/d1b03dc4bf-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY-SA 3.0","author":"Jerrye &amp; Roy Klotz, MD","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:INDERA_MILLS,_FORSYTH_COUNTY.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Jerrye &amp;amp; Roy Klotz, MD</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:INDERA_MILLS,_FORSYTH_COUNTY.jpg"},"district":{"nrhp_refnum":"04001524","name":"West Salem Historic District","url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/districts/north-carolina/west-salem-historic-district-04001524/"},"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/47720280","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indera_Mills","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19462475"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/north-carolina/forsyth-county/indera-mills-99000843/"}