{"nrhp_refnum":"95000492","name":"Pennsylvania Railway Ore Dock","other_names":["C &amp","P Ore Dock"],"category":"district","location":{"address":"On Lake Erie at Whiskey Island","address_restricted":false,"city":"Cleveland","county":"Cuyahoga County","state":"OH","lat":41.49560904450004,"lon":-81.72190140587134,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1997-10-15","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Transportation","Industry","Invention","Engineering"],"significance_levels":["state"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"An industrial ore-unloading dock complex on Lake Erie at Whiskey Island in Cleveland, Ohio, built in 1911-12 for the Pennsylvania Railway (known as the C & P Ore Dock). It includes four Hulett ore unloaders, a powerhouse, machine shop, office, ore storage yard and electric locomotives.","why_significant":"When built in 1911-12 it was the largest ore-unloading dock on the Great Lakes. It is tied to the Hulett unloader, invented by Cleveland's George H. Hulett, which cut unloading costs and times and led to larger lake ore carriers. The four unloaders are the last on Lake Erie and among the last on the Great Lakes, and the complex retains a high degree of integrity.","narrative":"The C & P Ore Dock sits on Lake Erie at Whiskey Island in Cleveland, Ohio. Built in 1911-12 for the Pennsylvania Railway, it was the largest ore-unloading dock on the Great Lakes. The complex includes four Hulett ore unloaders, each with a 17-ton bucket, along with a brick powerhouse, machine shop, storage shed, office, shower and lunch building, a one-million-ton ore storage yard, and four narrow-gauge electric locomotives used to shunt rail cars. The Hulett unloader was invented and developed by Clevelander George H. Hulett and built by the Wellman-Seaver-Morgan Company. It reduced the cost of unloading ore from 18 cents to under 5 cents per ton and encouraged the building of larger ore boats. Self-unloading ships later replaced the machines, and the Huletts here stopped work in December 1992. They are the last surviving examples on Lake Erie. The dock remains in use for taconite handling.","period_of_significance":"1912-1945","architect_builder":"Hulett, George H.; Wellman-Seaver-Morgan Company","architectural_style":null,"criteria":["A"],"status_note":"The Hulett unloaders and powerhouse were abandoned in 1992, but the dock continues in use for unloading and storing taconite pellets delivered by self-unloading ships.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:52:07.350796-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_OH/95000492.pdf"},"photo":null,"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/71987871","wikipedia":null,"wikidata":null},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/ohio/cuyahoga-county/pennsylvania-railway-ore-dock-95000492/"}