{"nrhp_refnum":"94001223","name":"Glen Oaks Ranch","other_names":["Glen Ellen Vineyard","Cochran, Roswell and Camille M., Ranch"],"category":"district","location":{"address":"13255 Sonoma Hwy.","address_restricted":false,"city":"Glen Ellen","county":"Sonoma County","state":"CA","lat":38.37065893700006,"lon":-122.50430324389987,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1994-10-21","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Architecture","Exploration/Settlement","Agriculture","Politics/Government"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"Glen Oaks Ranch is an agricultural district of about 143 acres at 13255 Sonoma Highway in Glen Ellen, Sonoma County, California. Its core is a stone house built in 1870 for Charles V. Stuart, with a stone barn, smokehouse, bungalow, foreman's house and related structures.","why_significant":"The nomination argues the ranch is the most intact agricultural complex in the development of Sonoma County's Valley of the Moon (Criterion C). It also qualifies under Criterion B for Charles V. Stuart and Ellen Mary Stuart, who planted an early non-Mission vineyard. He defended Chinese workers at the 1878 constitutional convention, and she continued the winery after his death and became a noted female winemaker. The town of Glen Ellen was named after her in 1872.","narrative":"Glen Oaks Ranch is a 143-acre agricultural district at Glen Ellen, in Sonoma County's Valley of the Moon. Its centerpiece is a two-story stone house built in 1870 for Charles V. Stuart, using stone quarried on the property. Nearby are a stone barn, a stone smokehouse, a Craftsman bungalow, a foreman's house from about 1930, a river rock gateway and a wooden bridge on dry stone abutments. The grounds also hold gardens and the ruins of a winery. Stuart planted one of the early non-Mission grape vineyards and employed Chinese workers, whom he defended as a delegate to the 1878 state constitutional convention. After his death in 1880, his widow Ellen Stuart ran the winery for about a decade, and the town of Glen Ellen was named for her. Later owners added farm buildings, orchards and recreational structures. The ranch was listed for its architecture, as the most intact agricultural complex of its kind in the valley, and for its association with the Stuarts.","period_of_significance":"1870-ca. 1930","architect_builder":"Unknown","architectural_style":"Italianate; Craftsman; No style","criteria":["B","C"],"status_note":"The owner lives in the stone house, and the ranch is between agricultural tenants. The stone barn is vacant but well maintained, the smokehouse is not in use, and the foreman's house is vacant and needs maintenance.","vacant_flag":null,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:54:28.348892-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_CA/94001223.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/94001223/7d6ecf5582-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/94001223/7d6ecf5582-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY-SA 3.0","author":"Sanfranman59","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Glen_Oaks_Ranch,_13255_Sonoma_Hwy.,_Glen_Ellen,_CA_6-12-2010_6-49-03_PM.JPG\" rel=\"noopener\">Sanfranman59</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Glen_Oaks_Ranch,_13255_Sonoma_Hwy.,_Glen_Ellen,_CA_6-12-2010_6-49-03_PM.JPG"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/123862068","wikipedia":null,"wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141650688"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/california/sonoma-county/glen-oaks-ranch-94001223/"}