{"nrhp_refnum":"92000695","name":"Snyder Estate Natural Cement Historic District","other_names":[],"category":"district","location":{"address":"NY 213, 1/2 mi. W of Rosendale","address_restricted":false,"city":"Rosendale","county":"Ulster County","state":"NY","lat":41.84835303600005,"lon":-74.09469100776201,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1992-06-09","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Industry","Architecture"],"significance_levels":["state"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A roughly 275-acre district near Rosendale, Ulster County, New York, combining the Snyder family estate (residences and farm buildings) with the kilns, mines, ruins and archeological sites of four major natural cement companies. Cement was made here from 1825-era beginnings until 1970.","why_significant":"The nomination argues that this is the largest and most significant concentration of resources tied to the Rosendale natural cement industry between 1825 and World War II. The site was the largest and most important source of natural cement in New York State in the nineteenth century. Watson E. Lawrence's works here pioneered draw kilns and helped build the reputation of Rosendale cement. Little intrusive development has occurred since.","narrative":"Near Rosendale in Ulster County, New York, this 275-acre district joins a family estate with the remains of four major natural cement operations: the Lawrence, Beach, Snyder and Century works. The estate includes the 1809 Jacob Lowe Snyder house, later called Century House, altered around 1940 by Kingston architect Edward Milliken, along with several later residences, barns and a Brooklyn Bridge-themed entry gate. The industrial side includes eight stone draw kilns dating to about 1830, mines, a tenement house and numerous ruins and archeological sites. Watson E. Lawrence developed continuous draw kilns here and supplied cement for projects such as the Croton Aqueduct and the Brooklyn Navy Yard dry dock. The Delaware and Hudson Canal supplied coal and carried the product to New York City. The nomination presents the district as the largest and most important source of natural cement in New York State in the nineteenth century, with cement production continuing until 1970.","period_of_significance":null,"architect_builder":"Edward Milliken (Kingston architect, c1940 alterations and 1950 carriage house); A.J. Snyder I (builder of several residences and the barn); Watson E. Lawrence (cement works)","architectural_style":"No style; Federal","criteria":[],"status_note":"Current functions listed include vacant, recreation/museum, domestic single dwelling and commerce/storage. The Snyder homestead is described as virtually intact and fully furnished with historic furnishings and family collections.","vacant_flag":null,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:50:46.200098-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_NY/92000695.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/92000695/d22f4bff18-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/92000695/d22f4bff18-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY-SA 3.0","author":"Daniel Case","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Snyder_estate_houses,_Rosendale,_NY.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Daniel Case</a>, <a href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Snyder_estate_houses,_Rosendale,_NY.jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/75322733","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snyder_Estate_Natural_Cement_Historic_District","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7548894"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/new-york/ulster-county/snyder-estate-natural-cement-historic-district-92000695/"}