{"nrhp_refnum":"92000167","name":"McIntosh, John Houstoun, Sugarhouse","other_names":[],"category":"site","location":{"address":"Ga. Spur 40, 6 mi. N of St. Marys","address_restricted":false,"city":"St. Marys","county":"Camden County","state":"GA","lat":30.793221852000045,"lon":-81.57844986899994,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1992-04-02","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Industry","Historic - Non-Aboriginal"],"significance_levels":["state"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"The ruin of an early 19th-century tabby sugarhouse, with associated archaeological resources, about 6 miles north of St. Marys in Camden County, Georgia, near the Kings Bay Naval Base main gate. It was built around 1826 for John Houstoun McIntosh's New Canaan plantation.","why_significant":"The nomination argues it is one of the few remaining remnants of Georgia's coastal sugar industry and a rare example of a tabby industrial building. It was the first Georgia mill to use a horizontal roller mill. Archaeology in 1981 confirmed its function as a sugar mill rather than a Spanish mission, and unexamined areas around the walls may yield more information.","narrative":"Six miles north of St. Marys, Georgia, near the Kings Bay Naval Base gate, stand the tabby ruins of a sugarhouse built around 1826 for planter John Houstoun McIntosh. Tabby, a coastal material made from oyster shell, lime, sand and water, forms walls about 14 feet high enclosing three rooms: a two-story milling room, a boiling room and a curing room, with porches on the north and south sides. Animals powered a horizontal roller mill bought from the West Point Foundry in New York, the first of its kind used in Georgia. McIntosh also received a patent in 1829 for a method of clarifying cane juice. Later the building processed arrowroot starch during the Civil War. Archaeologists from the University of Florida worked there in 1981 and confirmed that the ruin was a sugar mill, not a Spanish mission as once believed. The surrounding ground remains largely unexamined and may hold further evidence of sugar production.","period_of_significance":"C. 1826 - 1865","architect_builder":null,"architectural_style":"No style","criteria":["A","C","D"],"status_note":"Current function is listed as ruins; the tabby walls stand about 14 feet high, though none of the mill equipment remains.","vacant_flag":null,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:55:43.357731-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_GA/92000167.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/92000167/ea7a7a6bad-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/92000167/ea7a7a6bad-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY-SA 3.0","author":"Ebyabe","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:GA_St_Marys_McIntosh_Sugarhouse01.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Ebyabe</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:GA_St_Marys_McIntosh_Sugarhouse01.jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/93207202","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McIntosh_Sugarworks","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17021020"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/georgia/camden-county/mcintosh-john-houstoun-sugarhouse-92000167/"}