{"nrhp_refnum":"90002134","name":"Orange Springs","other_names":[],"category":"building","location":{"address":"VA 629 E of jct. with US 522","address_restricted":false,"city":"Unionville","county":"Orange County","state":"VA","lat":38.18890915500006,"lon":-77.93087461675705,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1992-02-27","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Health/Medicine","Architecture"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A two-story, L-plan frame residence with outbuildings, built in the 1790s near Unionville in southeastern Orange County, Virginia, as a tavern and then a dining room and ballroom for the Orange Springs sulphur spa resort.","why_significant":"The nomination argues that Orange Springs is a rare example of an early spa resort in the Virginia Piedmont, since nearly all known Virginia spas lay west of the Blue Ridge. Surviving records name patrons including President James Madison and his parents. The property also keeps an extensive complex of agricultural buildings from the early nineteenth to early twentieth century.","narrative":"Orange Springs is a frame residence and farm complex in southeastern Orange County, Virginia, overlooking Terry's Run. The front section was built in the 1790s, first as a tavern and then as a dining room and ballroom for a spa developed around the sulphur springs on the property. James Coleman acquired the land in the 1770s and advertised entertainment at the springs in 1793. Records show visitors included the parents of President James Madison, and Madison himself was allowed to build a cabin there. The spa operated until about 1850, after which the building was remodeled and enlarged with a rear ell as a family home. Surviving features include terraces leading to the springs, a smokehouse from the spa era, an icehouse, a pit greenhouse, and barn buildings erected in 1916 after lightning destroyed earlier ones. The property is notable as a rare Piedmont example of an early Virginia spa resort and for its architecture and agricultural buildings.","period_of_significance":"ca. 1790-1916","architect_builder":null,"architectural_style":"Early Republic: Federal","criteria":["C"],"status_note":"Currently used as a single dwelling with secondary and agricultural storage and animal-facility outbuildings; the spa closed about 1850.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:51:59.627281-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/68/6823/41682368/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_VA/90002134.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/90002134/b1c7641d96-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/90002134/b1c7641d96-1600.webp","licence":"Public domain","author":"Nyttend","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Orange_Springs_fields.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Nyttend</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Orange_Springs_fields.jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/41682368","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange_Springs","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15264234"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/virginia/orange-county/orange-springs-90002134/"}