{"nrhp_refnum":"87000926","name":"Chateau Chevalier","other_names":[],"category":"building","location":{"address":"3101 Spring Mountain Rd.","address_restricted":false,"city":"St. Helena","county":"Napa County","state":"CA","lat":38.51468482900003,"lon":-122.51085605999998,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1987-06-12","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Industry","Agriculture","Architecture"],"significance_levels":["state"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A stone wine cellar and a carriage house/barn on a vineyard estate on Spring Mountain, about 2.5 miles from St. Helena, Napa County, California. The cellar was built in 1891 for French immigrant wine importer Fortune Chevalier.","why_significant":"The property illustrates the wine boom of the 1880s and 1890s in Napa County, when French vineyard losses to phylloxera raised demand for California wines. It is also an example of the massive Chateau style, which is unusual in Napa County, and shows the skill of local stonemasons. The nomination notes it as one of two Chateau-style winery examples in the county.","narrative":"Chateau Chevalier is a stone wine cellar and carriage house/barn set on the steep terraced slopes of Spring Mountain above York Creek, about 2.5 miles from St. Helena. Fortune Chevalier, a French-born glass craftsman turned wine and liquor importer, began building the estate in 1891. The 2½-story cellar, stepped into the hillside for gravity-flow operation, was built of fieldstone and quarried stone with contrasting reddish stone trim and a conical-roofed central tower. Stonemasons Pithie & Birkett and carpenter M. G. Bale carried out the work. The nomination describes the style as a rare Chateau form in Napa County, reflecting Chevalier's French background. It also ties the property to the wine boom that followed phylloxera damage in French vineyards. Chevalier's original residence burned around 1927, but the cellar and barn remain, with olive and palm groves, stone walls and terraces. The cellar was adapted around 1950 and 1970, and the estate continues as a vineyard and winery.","period_of_significance":"1891","architect_builder":"Architect unknown; carpenter/builder M. G. Bale; stonemasons Pithie & Birkett (R.H. Pithie)","architectural_style":"Chateau style","criteria":[],"status_note":"Maintained as a vineyard and winery estate; the cellar has been adapted for use as a modern wine cellar and residence, and the barn is used for storage.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:54:28.082534-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_CA/87000926.pdf"},"photo":null,"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/123860000","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chateau_Chevalier","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85751670"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/california/napa-county/chateau-chevalier-87000926/"}