{"nrhp_refnum":"84003527","name":"Mill House","other_names":["Chinn's Mill","Hatcher's Mill"],"category":"building","location":{"address":"US 50","address_restricted":false,"city":"Middleburg","county":"Fauquier County","state":"VA","lat":38.970303449000056,"lon":-77.79202551234363,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1984-01-12","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Industry","Entertainment/Recreation","Architecture"],"significance_levels":["state"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A complex of stone buildings on a hillside above Cromwell's Run, south of U.S. Route 50 near Middleburg in Fauquier County, Virginia. It includes a grist mill, the mill owner's house, a miller's house, a cooper's house, a stable, a guest house and a gatekeeper's house, dating from about 1800 with major work in 1924-1929.","why_significant":"The complex is argued to be an unusually complete survival of a late 18th- to early 19th-century grist mill operation. It also represents a 20th-century hunt-country estate. It is tied to Leven Powell, founder of Middleburg, and to John S. (Jay) Phipps, who converted the mill property into an equestrian estate from 1924 to 1929.","narrative":"Set on a gently sloping hillside above Cromwell's Run near Middleburg, this group of random-rubble stone buildings began as a working grist mill complex. A mill was authorized in 1768 for Charles Chinn, and the property later passed to Leven Powell, the founder of Middleburg, and then to the Hatcher family, whose name stayed with the mill. Surviving buildings include the mill, miller's house, cooper's house and shop, the mill owner's house and a likely dairy or smokehouse. Late 19th-century roller mill machinery remains inside the mill. In 1924 Jay Phipps, son of a steel magnate, bought the property as a hunting retreat. Until 1929 he enlarged the main house, converted outbuildings to guest quarters, and added a stable, a swimming pool and new landscaping and roads. The complex is valued because it clearly shows both its milling origins and its later life as a hunt-country estate.","period_of_significance":null,"architect_builder":"unknown","architectural_style":"Vernacular","criteria":[],"status_note":"Occupied as a private residence; the grounds are well maintained, but the mill is in poorer condition and used mainly for storage.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:52:00.809502-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/47/6806/41680647/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_VA/84003527.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/84003527/45638294a9-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/84003527/45638294a9-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","author":"Jerrye &amp; Roy Klotz, MD","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MILL_HOUSE,_FAUQUIER_COUNTY.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Jerrye &amp;amp; Roy Klotz, MD</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MILL_HOUSE,_FAUQUIER_COUNTY.jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/41680647","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mill_House_(Middleburg,_Virginia)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14712849"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/virginia/fauquier-county/mill-house-84003527/"}