{"nrhp_refnum":"83001726","name":"Grand Central Terminal (Boundary Increase: Park Avenue Viaduct)","other_names":["See Also:Grand Central Terminal"],"category":"structure","location":{"address":"71-105 E. 42nd St., Park Ave. between E. 40th and E. 42nd Sts.","address_restricted":false,"city":"New York","county":"Manhattan","state":"NY","lat":40.749954986000034,"lon":-73.97745167499994,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1983-08-11","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Transportation","Architecture"],"significance_levels":["national"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"The Park Avenue Viaduct is a stone and iron elevated roadway in midtown Manhattan, added to the Grand Central Terminal listing at East 42nd Street. It runs along Park Avenue from East 40th Street to the terminal's south facade, and was built in 1917-19 to designs by Warren and Wetmore.","why_significant":"The viaduct is argued to be an essential part of the terminal's circulation system for pedestrians and vehicles, and its completion in 1919 finished the terminal construction and made Park Avenue a continuous north-south thoroughfare. It is also presented as a fine example of Beaux-Arts civic planning and of the work of the firm Warren & Wetmore.","narrative":"Rising over two blocks of Park Avenue in midtown Manhattan, the Park Avenue Viaduct carries traffic from the Belmont Tunnel opening at East 40th Street up to the upper level of Grand Central Terminal. Built in 1917-19 from designs by Warren & Wetmore, it is about 600 feet long, with three low arches, granite piers, carved foliate friezes, iron lamp posts and railings, and plaques reading Pershing Square. The roadway was conceived in the original 1903 plan for the station by Reed & Stern. It was part of a circulation scheme that also included ramps, terraced drives and two levels of electrified tracks. Its completion marked the end of terminal construction and linked Park Avenue as a continuous thoroughfare. It was added to the terminal's listing because it reflects Beaux-Arts planning, with an axial approach that emphasizes the station's position. Later changes include the 1939 enclosure of the central arch.","period_of_significance":"1903-1919","architect_builder":"Warren and Wetmore; Reed & Stern","architectural_style":"Beaux-Arts (French in character)","criteria":[],"status_note":"Described as in good condition but altered. The central arch was enclosed in 1939, and other arches have cement block and wire fence additions. The central enclosure was serving temporarily as an employment office.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:50:43.404091-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_NY/83001726.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/83001726/1f0fcaa6d5-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/83001726/1f0fcaa6d5-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","author":"Beyond My Ken","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Park_Avenue_Viaduct_Pershing_Square_from_west.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Beyond My Ken</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Park_Avenue_Viaduct_Pershing_Square_from_west.jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/75319562","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Park_Avenue_Viaduct","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7137641"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/new-york/manhattan/grand-central-terminal-boundary-increase-park-avenue-viaduct-83001726/"}