{"nrhp_refnum":"82004856","name":"Houston Negro Hospital","other_names":["Riverside General Hospital"],"category":"building","location":{"address":"3204 Ennis St.","address_restricted":false,"city":"Houston","county":"Harris County","state":"TX","lat":29.73138781800003,"lon":-95.36047270599994,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1982-12-27","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Black","Social History"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A three-story Spanish Colonial Revival hospital building at 3204 Ennis Street in Houston's Third Ward, Harris County, Texas, completed in 1926 to designs by architect Maurice J. Sullivan. It later became part of Riverside General Hospital.","why_significant":"It was the first non-profit hospital for black patients in Houston and gave well-trained black physicians a place to practice when they could not admit patients to other hospitals' black wards. Its associated nursing school was the first in the city to train black nurses. The building was financed by oilman J. S. Cullinan and the effort was led by members of the black community.","narrative":"Completed in 1926 in Houston's Third Ward, this three-story reinforced concrete and hollow tile hospital was designed by architect Maurice J. Sullivan in the Spanish Colonial Revival style, with stuccoed walls and a red barrel-tile hipped roof. It was the first non-profit hospital for black patients in Houston and gave black physicians a place to admit and treat patients when other hospitals denied them privileges. Oilman J. S. Cullinan paid for the building in memory of his son, the city donated the land, and black community leaders, including administrator I. M. Terrell and several physicians, promoted the project. A nursing school opened on the same block in 1931, the first in the city for black nurses. The hospital struggled in its early years but survived a 1934 attempt to close it. Remodeling in 1952 and a large 1961 wing, which is excluded from the listing, changed the site, yet the original building largely retains its integrity.","period_of_significance":"1900- (specific date 1926)","architect_builder":"Maurice J. Sullivan - Architect","architectural_style":"Spanish Colonial Revival","criteria":[],"status_note":"Occupied and in hospital use; condition fair, altered in 1952 and 1961 but retaining essential integrity. Restoration for outpatient clinics was planned in 1982.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:54:18.556908-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/84/9724/40972484/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_TX/82004856.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/82004856/441a51568f-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/82004856/441a51568f-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY 3.0","author":"Ed Uthman, Houston, Texas, USA","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Houston_Negro_Hospital_(HDR).jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Ed Uthman, Houston, Texas, USA</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Houston_Negro_Hospital_(HDR).jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/40972484","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riverside_General_Hospital","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16845828"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/texas/harris-county/houston-negro-hospital-82004856/"}