{"nrhp_refnum":"82004585","name":"Columbia","other_names":[],"category":"building","location":{"address":"1142 W. Grace St.","address_restricted":false,"city":"Richmond (Independent City)","county":"Richmond (city and county)","state":"VA","lat":37.553470075000064,"lon":-77.45667755299996,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1982-09-16","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Education","Architecture"],"significance_levels":["state"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A two-story Flemish-bond brick Federal-style residence at 1142 West Grace Street in Richmond, Virginia, built in 1817/18 for Philip Haxall and later expanded for use as a law school.","why_significant":"It is one of about ten outstanding surviving early Federal residences in Richmond and the only surviving mill owner's house of the period. It was named for the Columbia Flour Mills and became the main building of Richmond College, later the University of Richmond. It has served educational uses for about a century and a half and retains much original fabric, including fine woodwork, plaster ornament and marble mantels.","narrative":"Built in 1817-18 for flour mill manager Philip Haxall, Columbia is a two-story, hipped-roof brick house at 1142 West Grace Street in Richmond. Its symmetrical Federal exterior hides an unusual Palladian-derived first-floor plan with an assembly hall, stair hall, parlor and dining room. Inside, carved woodwork, a composition-plaster ceiling medallion and King-of-Prussia marble mantels survive. The house takes its name from the Columbia Flour Mills, and it is described as the only surviving mill owner's house of its period in the city. In 1834 the Virginia Baptist Education Society bought it, and it became the main academic building of Richmond College, later the University of Richmond. It served briefly as a Confederate hospital and a Union barracks during the Civil War. From 1917 to 1954 it housed the law school, and a classroom wing and relocated main entrance were added in 1924. Its educational use has continued for almost 150 years.","period_of_significance":"1800-1899, 1900-","architect_builder":null,"architectural_style":"Federal","criteria":[],"status_note":"Owned by the University of Richmond and occupied by a secretarial school at the time of nomination; altered in 1924 but retains its unusual floor plan and much interior fabric.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:51:56.443739-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/49/6830/41683049/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_VA/82004585.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/82004585/9e7702a362-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/82004585/9e7702a362-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY 3.0","author":"Morgan Riley","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Columbia_House_Richmond_Va.JPG\" rel=\"noopener\">Morgan Riley</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Columbia_House_Richmond_Va.JPG"},"district":{"nrhp_refnum":"71000982","name":"James River and Kanawha Canal Historic District","url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/districts/virginia/james-river-and-kanawha-canal-historic-district-71000982/"},"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/41683049","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Columbia_(Richmond,_Virginia)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16890532"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/virginia/richmond/columbia-82004585/"}