{"nrhp_refnum":"82001823","name":"Middleburg Historic District","other_names":[],"category":"district","location":{"address":"US 50, VA 626 and 776","address_restricted":false,"city":"Middleburg","county":"Loudoun County","state":"VA","lat":38.96918898250007,"lon":-77.73344294194709,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1982-10-29","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Community Planning and Development","Other","Commerce","Military","Transportation","Politics/Government","Architecture","Religion"],"significance_levels":["state"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A historic district of about 90 acres covering the town of Middleburg in southwestern Loudoun County, Virginia. The town was laid out in 1787 on a grid plan and has roughly 160 buildings.","why_significant":"The nomination presents Middleburg as a well-preserved small town that kept its 1787 plan and a varied range of architecture, from an 18th-century stone tavern to mid-20th-century Colonial Revival buildings. It records the town's growth as a coach stop and commercial center, its decline after the Civil War, and its 20th-century rise as a hunt country social capital. It also notes the town's connection to President Kennedy and to the desegregation of local restaurants.","narrative":"Middleburg is a small Virginia hunt-country town in southwestern Loudoun County, laid out in 1787 by Leven Powell in seventy lots on a rectangular grid. Its streets were named for friends of the new Constitution. The district covers about 90 acres and roughly 160 buildings. The oldest and largest is the stone Red Fox Tavern, possibly from the third quarter of the 18th century. Brick Federal town houses line the east end of Washington Street, and Chestnut Hill, built for Burr Powell, is among the most significant houses. Churches include the Gothic Revival Emmanuel Episcopal and Asbury Methodist, which has had a Black congregation since 1864. The town grew as a coach stop on the Ashby's Gap Turnpike, declined after the Civil War, and revived in the early 20th century as a center of horse sports and country living. Colonial Revival commercial buildings reflect that period, and a local ordinance has encouraged reuse of older buildings.","period_of_significance":"1787-present","architect_builder":"various; Richard Cochran, local master craftsman, built Chestnut Hill (The Hill) and Vine Hall","architectural_style":"Federal, Gothic Revival, Colonial Revival, Neoclassical, stone vernacular, bungalow","criteria":[],"status_note":"Described as occupied, with many early buildings adapted as shops, offices and restaurants; the Red Fox Tavern still operates as a hotel and tavern.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:51:56.385644-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/97/6815/41681597/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_VA/82001823.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/82001823/7024017792-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/82001823/7024017792-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY 2.0","author":"Flickr user: andrechinn https://www.flickr.com/people/andrec/","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Red_Fox_Inn,_Middleburg.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Flickr user: andrechinn https://www.flickr.com/people/andrec/</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY 2.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Red_Fox_Inn,_Middleburg.jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/41681597","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middleburg_Historic_District_(Middleburg,_Virginia)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6841737"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/virginia/loudoun-county/middleburg-historic-district-82001823/"}