{"nrhp_refnum":"81000625","name":"San Antonio Water Works Pump Station No. 2","other_names":["Brackenridge Park Station","Millrace Building","Borglum Studio"],"category":"building","location":{"address":"Brackenridge Park","address_restricted":false,"city":"San Antonio","county":"Bexar County","state":"TX","lat":29.448791499000038,"lon":-98.47688274099994,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1981-08-21","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Industry","Art"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A one-story limestone pump station with a raised basement and a wood-frame north addition, located in Brackenridge Park in San Antonio, Bexar County, Texas. The stone building was completed in 1885 and the addition dates from the early 1920s.","why_significant":"The nomination argues the building typifies late 19th century industrial architecture of the Southwest. It is tied to George W. Brackenridge, president of the San Antonio Water Works, and to the growth of San Antonio's art community, since sculptor Gutzon Borglum used it as a studio and later artists ran an art school there.","narrative":"Built in 1885 as the second pumping station of the San Antonio Water Works, this limestone building sits in Brackenridge Park about two miles northeast of downtown San Antonio. It is a 36-by-36-foot, one-story structure on a raised basement, with rough-faced limestone walls, round-arched entrances and a timber-framed floor. A stuccoed, wood-frame addition from the early 1920s forms a T plan. The station served a system led by George W. Brackenridge, a banker and philanthropist who donated the surrounding park to the city. After the pump house was abandoned in 1915, sculptor Gutzon Borglum remodeled it as a studio, and his Mount Rushmore schematics were developed there. Painters Henry Lee McFee and Boyer Gonzales later taught art classes in the building, which was leased as a studio until 1961. It has been vacant since then. Its listing recognizes both its industrial architecture and its role in the city's early twentieth-century art community.","period_of_significance":"1800-1899","architect_builder":null,"architectural_style":null,"criteria":[],"status_note":"Unoccupied; the former studio has been vacant since 1961. The building is in fair condition and has been altered.","vacant_flag":true,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:54:19.00674-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/29/9712/40971229/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_TX/81000625.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/81000625/660c8a09e5-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/81000625/660c8a09e5-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY 4.0","author":"Larry D. Moore","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:San_antonio_water_works_pump_station_no_2.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Larry D. Moore</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:San_antonio_water_works_pump_station_no_2.jpg"},"district":{"nrhp_refnum":"11000513","name":"Brackenridge Park","url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/districts/texas/brackenridge-park-11000513/"},"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/40971229","wikipedia":null,"wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110001625"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/texas/bexar-county/san-antonio-water-works-pump-station-no-2-81000625/"}