{"nrhp_refnum":"80002716","name":"Sea and Land Church","other_names":["Northeast Dutch Reformed Church"],"category":"building","location":{"address":"61 Henry St.","address_restricted":false,"city":"New York","county":"Manhattan","state":"NY","lat":40.71299185600003,"lon":-73.99471001499995,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1980-04-09","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Architecture","Social History"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A rectangular stone church at 61 Henry Street on the lower east side of Manhattan, New York City, built in 1819 as the Northeast Reformed Dutch Church (Market Street Church). Its architect-builder is unknown.","why_significant":"It combines late Federal and Georgian massing with early pointed Gothic windows, and is one of eight Georgian-style churches remaining in Manhattan. Its exterior has been unaltered since 1819, unlike similar churches. The congregation also took an active role in the development of Lillian Wald's Henry Street Settlement and the late nineteenth century social welfare movement.","narrative":"Sea and Land Church is a gabled stone church on Henry Street on Manhattan's lower east side, measuring 67 by 81 feet. Dedicated in 1819 as the Northeast Reformed Dutch Church, it stands on land deeded by Colonel Henry Rutgers in 1816. Its dark ashlar walls, brownstone trim and low square bell cupola give it a restrained look, while its pointed arched windows and doors show an early taste for Gothic forms within a late Federal and Georgian framework. It is counted among eight Georgian-style churches left in Manhattan, and its exterior has not changed since 1819. The building later served a Presbyterian congregation for retired seamen and took part in the growth of the Henry Street Settlement, a major social welfare effort. Although the interior has been heavily altered, a horseshoe gallery, an altar piece and the barrel-vaulted ceiling survive. A Chinese Presbyterian congregation now uses the church.","period_of_significance":"1800-1899","architect_builder":null,"architectural_style":"Late Federal / Georgian with early Gothic Revival elements","criteria":[],"status_note":"Occupied by a Chinese Presbyterian congregation; exterior intact but brownstone surrounds are deteriorated and the interior has been extensively stripped and modified.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:50:42.42539-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_NY/80002716.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/80002716/a912690e74-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/80002716/a912690e74-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY 3.0","author":"Americasroof","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sea-and-land-church-61-henry.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Americasroof</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sea-and-land-church-61-henry.jpg"},"district":{"nrhp_refnum":"03000845","name":"Two Bridges Historic District","url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/districts/new-york/two-bridges-historic-district-03000845/"},"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/75319891","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sea_and_Land_Church","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q584395"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/new-york/manhattan/sea-and-land-church-80002716/"}