{"nrhp_refnum":"79001571","name":"Sixteen Mile District","other_names":["See Also:Clermont","Rokeby","Montgomery Place"],"category":"district","location":{"address":"W of Clermont along Hudson River","address_restricted":false,"city":"Clermont","county":"Columbia County","state":"NY","lat":41.85356294500008,"lon":-73.93954869299995,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1979-03-07","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Landscape Architecture","Historic - Non-Aboriginal","Transportation","Exploration/Settlement","Architecture"],"significance_levels":["national"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A historic district of about thirty contiguous Hudson River estates and three riverfront village landings (Rhinecliff, Barrytown and Tivoli) along the east bank of the Hudson in Columbia and Dutchess Counties, New York, covering roughly 12,100 acres and about three hundred buildings and sites.","why_significant":"The district preserves a concentrated group of country estates tied to the Livingston family and their descendants, with architecture from the eighteenth to twentieth centuries. It also reflects Hudson River transportation history, including Fulton's steamship Clermont and the 1851 railroad, as well as Palatine settlement and Native American archeological sites.","narrative":"Along the eastern shore of the Hudson River, midway between New York and Albany, about thirty contiguous estates form a district stretching through the towns of Clermont, Red Hook, Rhinebeck and Hyde Park. The district also takes in the riverfront parts of the landings at Rhinecliff, Barrytown and Tivoli. Roughly three hundred buildings and sites lie within it, including main houses, gatehouses, barns, carriage houses and tenant houses. Most estates trace to the Livingston family and its descendants, among them Clermont, The Pynes, Callendar House, Teviot and the Mills Mansion. Ownership today includes private families, the State of New York, Bard College and religious institutions. The area is also tied to transportation history: Robert Fulton's steamship Clermont made its maiden voyage in 1807, and the Hudson River Railroad opened in 1851. Smaller eighteenth-century Palatine houses and documented Woodland period archeological sites add further layers. Some losses have occurred, including two houses in 1977.","period_of_significance":null,"architect_builder":"Includes works by Stanford White, Harrie Lindeberg, Hoppin & Koen, Trowbridge & Livingston, and Johnston Redmond (individual buildings)","architectural_style":"Varied estate architecture including Georgian, Federal, Greek Revival, Gothic Revival, Italianate and Jacobethan","criteria":[],"status_note":"Mixed condition and ownership: some estates are privately owned and intact, three are state-owned, others are held by institutions; Ankony and Leacote were lost in 1977 and Wyndclyffe is seriously deteriorated.","vacant_flag":null,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:50:39.967274-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_NY/79001571.pdf"},"photo":null,"district":{"nrhp_refnum":"90002219","name":"Hudson River Heritage Historic District","url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/districts/new-york/hudson-river-heritage-historic-district-90002219/"},"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/75312367","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixteen_Mile_District","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7533053"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/new-york/columbia-county/sixteen-mile-district-79001571/"}