{"nrhp_refnum":"78001946","name":"Horton Grove Complex","other_names":[],"category":"building","location":{"address":"N of Durham on SR 1626","address_restricted":false,"city":"Durham","county":"Durham County","state":"NC","lat":36.128313657000064,"lon":-78.83840046086344,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1978-03-17","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Agriculture","Historic - Non-Aboriginal","Black","Architecture"],"significance_levels":["state"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A plantation complex near Fairntosh in Durham County, North Carolina, made up of a small late-eighteenth-century house, a row of brick-nogged two-story slave houses, tobacco barns and a large stable built in 1860. It was part of the Bennehan-Cameron plantation holdings.","why_significant":"The nomination argues that the slave houses are rare survivors of a slave housing complex and are important to black history, including the continuity of black families there after Emancipation. The great barn is cited as an outstanding example of antebellum craftsmanship and scale, and the site is linked to Paul Cameron. Archeological surveys are also said to indicate a wealth of potential information.","narrative":"Horton Grove is a cluster of agricultural buildings on a ridge above the Flat River in Durham County, once one of several plantation centers in the Bennehan and Cameron family estate. It includes a small plank-built dwelling from the late eighteenth or early nineteenth century, probably the home of the Horton family, along with tobacco barns and four nearly identical two-story slave houses. These are of heavy timber frame with brick nogging, with a central stair hall and a large room on each floor. A 135-foot stable, built in 1860 and believed to be Paul Cameron's work, has a complex queen post roof truss. The slave houses are valued as rare survivors and for the family history associated with them; black families continued to live at Horton Grove after the Civil War. The Liggett Group donated the land to the state for preservation and study, and a later form describes it as an open state historic site.","period_of_significance":"1700-1899","architect_builder":null,"architectural_style":null,"criteria":["A","B","C","D"],"status_note":"A 2007 additional-documentation sheet states the property is in use and open to the public as a state historic site (museum). The 1978 form described the early house as dilapidated.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:58:57.766006-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/27/7200/47720027/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_NC/78001946.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/78001946/88236167a3-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/78001946/88236167a3-1600.webp","licence":"Public domain","author":"Turover at English Wikipedia","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Horton_Grove.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Turover at English Wikipedia</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Horton_Grove.jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/47720027","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horton_Grove","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5906838"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/north-carolina/durham-county/horton-grove-complex-78001946/"}