{"nrhp_refnum":"78000259","name":"Guadalupe Ranch","other_names":["Frijole Ranch and Rader/Smith Ranch"],"category":"building","location":{"address":"NE of Salt Flat in Guadalupe Mountains National Park","address_restricted":false,"city":"Salt Flat","county":"Culberson County","state":"TX","lat":31.90760714700008,"lon":-104.80050757699996,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1978-11-21","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Agriculture","Architecture"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"Frijole Ranch, also called Guadalupe Ranch or Rader/Smith Ranch, is a seven-structure ranch complex within Guadalupe Mountains National Park near Salt Flat, Culberson County, Texas. The oldest part of the ranch house dates to about 1876.","why_significant":"The front portion of the ranch house is described as the oldest substantial structure in the area. It was built by the Rader brothers, probably the first permanent settlers in this part of the Guadalupe Mountains. It is the most complete surviving trace of early cattle ranching in the southern Guadalupe Mountains and reflects local involvement in the post-Civil War range cattle economy.","narrative":"Frijole Ranch is a group of seven structures in Guadalupe Mountains National Park, northeast of Salt Flat in Culberson County, Texas. The complex includes a 1 1/2 story ranch house of ashlar stone with a wood-shake roof, a spring house, a bunkhouse, a double toilet, a former schoolhouse, a storage shed and a barn, all within a rubble stone wall. The front rooms of the house were built around 1876 by the Rader brothers, probably the first permanent settlers in this part of the mountains. Dormers were added in 1910, the guest house and toilet in 1920, and three rear rooms in 1925-1926. The barn dates from the 1950s. The ranch was listed because it is the most complete reminder of early cattle ranching in the southern Guadalupe Mountains. Stock raised in the Trans-Pecos region went by trail to Texas railheads or north along the Goodnight-Loving Trail, tying the ranch to the booming post-Civil War cattle economy.","period_of_significance":"1800-1899","architect_builder":"Rader brothers (built the original ranch house section)","architectural_style":null,"criteria":[],"status_note":"Condition listed as good; the buildings are used for park management (residence, storage, tack room). The schoolhouse is weathered and deteriorating. The roof was restored in 1976.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:54:18.541193-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/11/9716/40971611/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_TX/78000259.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/78000259/61d1d10e75-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/78000259/61d1d10e75-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY-SA 3.0","author":"Fredlyfish4","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Frijole_Ranch_3.JPG\" rel=\"noopener\">Fredlyfish4</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Frijole_Ranch_3.JPG"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/40971611","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frijole_Ranch","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5504548"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/texas/culberson-county/guadalupe-ranch-78000259/"}