{"nrhp_refnum":"77001171","name":"Locust Grove","other_names":["Haldeman Mansion"],"category":"building","location":{"address":"S of Bainbridge off PA 441","address_restricted":false,"city":"Bainbridge","county":"Lancaster County","state":"PA","lat":40.07912825300008,"lon":-76.66014942399994,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1977-08-03","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Historic - Aboriginal","Science","Architecture"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"Locust Grove, also called the Haldeman Mansion, is a stone residence in Bainbridge, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, on a 2.648-acre property overlooking the Susquehanna River. It is dated to circa 1782 and is described as a late 18th century stone house.","why_significant":"The nomination argues the house is significant for its fine stonework, proportions and interior staircase and chimney systems. It also cites the birthplace of scientist Samuel Steman Haldeman, whose 1851 paper on species distribution is said to have influenced Charles Darwin. The site is also significant archaeologically, containing part of a Conoy Indian village cemetery and an earlier mid-16th century Shenks Ferry occupation.","narrative":"Near Bainbridge in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, stands a stone house of the late 18th century, dated to about 1782 and known as the Haldeman Mansion. Built of native sandstone rubble with sandstone quoins, it is valued for its workmanship, including a highly ornate main staircase with turned newels and a massive central chimney with dual first-floor fireplaces. Samuel Steman Haldeman, a scientist who wrote some 150 works on natural history, language and archaeology, was born in the house in 1812 and lived there until his marriage in 1835. His 1851 paper On Species and their Distribution is noted for anticipating questions later developed by Charles Darwin, who cited it in the preface to On the Origin of Species. The grounds also hold archaeological importance. Excavations in 1970 uncovered about 70 Conoy burials from a village of 1718 to 1743, along with over 25,000 glass beads and trade goods, and a mid-16th century Shenks Ferry component lies beneath the site.","period_of_significance":"circa 1782","architect_builder":null,"architectural_style":null,"criteria":[],"status_note":null,"vacant_flag":null,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.1-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 17:11:29.439231-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_PA/77001171.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/77001171/f22860217c-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/77001171/f22860217c-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","author":"Jerrye &amp; Roy Klotz, MD","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:LOCUST_GROVE,_CONOY_TWP,_LANCASTER_COUNTY,_PA.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Jerrye &amp;amp; Roy Klotz, MD</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:LOCUST_GROVE,_CONOY_TWP,_LANCASTER_COUNTY,_PA.jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/71994563","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Locust_Grove_(Bainbridge,_Pennsylvania)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6666112"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/pennsylvania/lancaster-county/locust-grove-77001171/"}