{"nrhp_refnum":"77000309","name":"Berwick Manor and Orchard","other_names":["Berwick Farm"],"category":"site","location":{"address":"NW of Carmel Valley","address_restricted":false,"city":"Carmel Valley","county":"Monterey County","state":"CA","lat":36.522525743000045,"lon":-121.81328171010631,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1977-11-17","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Commerce","Agriculture","Exploration/Settlement"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A 29-acre farmstead and orchard in Carmel Valley, Monterey County, California, with a redwood farmhouse, foreman's bungalow, barn, produce shed and workshop. The farmhouse was moved to its site between 1869 and 1871 and expanded into the early 1880s.","why_significant":"The nomination calls it the only intact 1860s farmstead left in Carmel Valley, kept by one family since 1869. It was the home farm of Edward Berwick, a horticulturist, writer and peace advocate who developed the internationally known Berwick Pear. It also preserves elements of both Mexican-era (Californio) and American ownership.","narrative":"Berwick Manor and Orchard is a 29-acre farmstead in Carmel Valley, built around a redwood farmhouse that Edward Berwick moved from the Carmel River bank to its present site between 1869 and 1871. Rooms were added over about ten years, giving the complex its early-1880s form. Hand-hewn beams once tied with rawhide, a foreman's bungalow from 1910-1915, a barn, a produce shed and a workshop remain, though many are overgrown or deteriorated. The land passed from a 1840 Mexican grant through James Meadows to Berwick, whose family has held it since 1869. Berwick, born in London, farmed here as a dairyman, gardener and fruit grower and developed the Berwick Pear, known internationally. He also lectured and wrote on world federation, peace, postal reform and a Panama canal, and taught school locally. The property is described as the only intact 1860s farmstead left in the valley, and its continuity of ownership adds to its importance.","period_of_significance":"1869-1885","architect_builder":"Edward Berwick","architectural_style":"Vernacular redwood farmhouse with additions","criteria":[],"status_note":"The farmhouse and foreman's residence are in use as residences but deteriorated from neglect; the barn is quite deteriorated; the orchard, reservoir and garden are overgrown or filled.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:55:31.810055-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_CA/77000309.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/77000309/30eae32528-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/77000309/30eae32528-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY-SA 3.0","author":"McGhiever","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Berwick_Manor_%26_Orchard.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">McGhiever</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Berwick_Manor_%26_Orchard.jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/123859889","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berwick_Manor_and_Orchard","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58440667"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/california/monterey-county/berwick-manor-and-orchard-77000309/"}