{"nrhp_refnum":"77000172","name":"Concord Monument Square-Lexington Road Historic District","other_names":["See Also:Emerson,Ralph Waldo,House","Wright's Tavern"],"category":"district","location":{"address":"MA 2A","address_restricted":false,"city":"Concord","county":"Middlesex County","state":"MA","lat":42.459689000000054,"lon":-71.34711653389829,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1977-09-13","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Art","Military","Literature","Exploration/Settlement","Politics/Government"],"significance_levels":["national"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A historic district of about 46 acres in the center of Concord, Massachusetts, running roughly 0.3 mile from the Colonial Inn to the Concord Antiquarian Museum. It takes in Monument Square, the town green, and Lexington Road, with buildings dating from the early 18th through the late 19th centuries.","why_significant":"The nomination calls the district nationally significant as the site of one of the first English settlements on the Bay Colony's western frontier. Its buildings figured in the events of April 18-19, 1775. In the 19th century it was home to major American literary figures, and in the early 20th century it was the scene of developments in American fine arts.","narrative":"This compact district in the center of Concord, Massachusetts, covers about 46 acres along Monument Square, the town green, and Lexington Road. It holds a green, churches, an early burying ground, the Colonial Inn, and a street of mostly 18th-century houses, with later Greek Revival, Italianate, and Second Empire buildings blending in. Concord was settled in 1635, and Lexington Road served as the town's commercial center in the 1700s. Wright's Tavern hosted local resisters on the eve of April 19, 1775, and British troops occupied it the next day. The Peter Bulkeley House held prisoners during the British occupation. In the 1800s the area was home to Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, the Alcotts, and Nathaniel Hawthorne. In 1923 the Concord Art Association moved into the John Ball House, adding an artistic chapter. Most properties remain in excellent condition and in everyday use.","period_of_significance":"1600-1699, 1700-1799, 1800-1899, 1900-","architect_builder":null,"architectural_style":"Georgian, Federal, Greek Revival, Italianate, Second Empire, Georgian Revival","criteria":[],"status_note":"Condition marked excellent and altered; properties are used mainly as residences and small businesses, with some museum, church and government uses.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:11:54.79927-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/7/7961/63796107/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_MA/77000172.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/77000172/e7fa824216-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/77000172/e7fa824216-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY 3.0","author":"John Phelan","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Civil_War_Memorial,_Monument_Square,_Concord_MA.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">John Phelan</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Civil_War_Memorial,_Monument_Square,_Concord_MA.jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/63796107","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concord_Monument_Square%E2%80%93Lexington_Road_Historic_District","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158826"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/massachusetts/middlesex-county/concord-monument-square-lexington-road-historic-district-77000172/"}