{"nrhp_refnum":"76002039","name":"U.S.S. TEXAS","other_names":["The Battleship Texas"],"category":"structure","location":{"address":"22 mi. E of Houston on TX 134 at San Jacinto Battleground","address_restricted":false,"city":"Houston","county":"Harris County","state":"TX","lat":29.756175772000063,"lon":-95.08970071299996,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1976-12-08","is_nhl":true,"nhl_designated_date":"1976-12-08","areas_of_significance":["Military","Engineering"],"significance_levels":["national"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"The battleship U.S.S. Texas (BB35), a World War I and II warship built by Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company in 1911-14, permanently moored off the Houston Ship Channel at San Jacinto Battleground State Park, Harris County, Texas.","why_significant":"Texas was one of the last two American warships built with reciprocating steam engines and is the only survivor of them. Her engines are described as the most sophisticated of their class and mark the rapid evolution of naval steam power. She also served in both World Wars, including the Normandy invasion and the bombardments of Iwo Jima and Okinawa.","narrative":"Built at Newport News in 1911-14, the battleship Texas measured 573 feet long and carried ten 14-inch guns. She was one of the last two American warships fitted with reciprocating steam engines, and she is the only one that survives. Her sister ship, New York, was sunk in a 1948 training exercise. The Navy chose these older engines largely to push turbine builders toward better designs. Texas served in the British Grand Fleet in World War I. In World War II she escorted convoys, supported the North African landings, shelled German defenses at Normandy, and bombarded Iwo Jima and Okinawa. Converted from coal to oil in 1925, she was decommissioned in 1948 after 34 years of service. Texans organized a commission to save her, and she was given to the State of Texas as a monument. Today she is moored near the San Jacinto battleground, with engine rooms and small museums open to visitors.","period_of_significance":"1910-1948","architect_builder":"Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company","architectural_style":null,"criteria":[],"status_note":"Moored as a historic monument and museum ship open to the public; condition rated good. The engines are intact but no longer operable, and the teakwood main deck has deteriorated and is partly covered with concrete.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:54:19.008616-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/36/9709/40970936/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_TX/76002039_NHL.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/76002039/224a2b441a-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/76002039/224a2b441a-1600.webp","licence":"Public domain","author":"Self-made photo by Jacobst","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:USS_Texas_BB-35.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Self-made photo by Jacobst</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:USS_Texas_BB-35.jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/40970936","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Texas_(BB-35)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1500182"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/texas/harris-county/u-s-s-texas-76002039/"}