{"nrhp_refnum":"76001638","name":"Pusey-Crozier Mill Historic District","other_names":["Pusey Plantation","Landingford","See Also:Pusey, Caleb, House"],"category":"district","location":{"address":"Race St.","address_restricted":false,"city":"Upland","county":"Delaware County","state":"PA","lat":39.85316963950007,"lon":-75.38779262619599,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1976-09-27","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Industry","Architecture"],"significance_levels":["state"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A district of 10.5 acres on the west bank of Chester Creek in the borough of Upland, Delaware County, Pennsylvania, containing the site of the Pusey Plantation and mill along with a group of 18th and 19th century buildings. The buildings include the Caleb Pusey house, the Pennock Log House, a stone schoolhouse, four small workers' houses, and a relocated barn.","why_significant":"The district is significant for its association with William Penn and Caleb Pusey, who established the first grist and sawmill of the English Quakers at this site in the 1680s, and for its long record of industrial use. The schoolhouse and workers' houses built by John Price Crozer illustrate an early industrial community organized around a corporation. The nomination also argues that the Pusey House is the only building left in Pennsylvania clearly associated with Penn.","narrative":"Beside Chester Creek in Upland, Pennsylvania, the Pusey-Crozier Mill District covers 10.5 acres of the early Pusey Plantation and mill site. Caleb Pusey, sent from England in 1682 by the English Quakers, ran the first grist and sawmill here, with prefabricated parts brought across the Atlantic. The mill was later operated by partners including James Logan and Isaac Morris, and was rebuilt more than once after floods and other losses. John Price Crozer bought the mills in 1845 and built a cotton mill and workers' housing as the core of an industrial community of about 3,000 people. The district's buildings include the Pusey House, a stone schoolhouse dating from 1849 that was later converted into a double dwelling for mill hands, four small frame workers' houses, and the Pennock Log House, moved to the site from Springfield Township. The district is listed for its strong ties to colonial settlement and early industrial life in Pennsylvania.","period_of_significance":"1683-1849","architect_builder":"Caleb Pusey 1683-1709; J. P. Crozer 1845-?","architectural_style":null,"criteria":[],"status_note":"The barn was moved to the site and re-erected in 1964; the Pennock Log House was moved to the site and used as a caretaker's house; the Pusey House is described in a previously submitted form.","vacant_flag":null,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.1-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 17:11:30.287333-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_PA/76001638.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/76001638/99a65eaf16-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/76001638/99a65eaf16-1600.webp","licence":"Public domain","author":"Smallbones","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:APennockHouse.JPG\" rel=\"noopener\">Smallbones</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:APennockHouse.JPG"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/71998434","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pusey%E2%80%93Crozier_Mill_Historic_District","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7261712"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/pennsylvania/delaware-county/pusey-crozier-mill-historic-district-76001638/"}