{"nrhp_refnum":"75001211","name":"Lockport Industrial District","other_names":["Double Flights of Locks and Lockport Hydraulic Co. District"],"category":"district","location":{"address":"Bounded roughly by Erie Canal, Gooding, Clinton, and Water Sts.","address_restricted":false,"city":"Lockport","county":"Niagara County","state":"NY","lat":43.17334985100004,"lon":-78.69163576369604,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1975-11-11","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Engineering","Transportation"],"significance_levels":["state"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A 20-acre industrial district on the north side of the Erie Canal in Lockport, Niagara County, New York, containing the canal's double flight of locks, a hydraulic raceway tunnel, the Bickford Box Company building and ruins of nineteenth-century mills and factories.","why_significant":"Lockport owes its existence to the Erie Canal locks and grew through water power drawn from the canal's bypass water. The district shows how the canal and the Lockport Hydraulic Company raceway fed flour, paper and manufacturing industries, including the Holly Manufacturing Company founded by inventor Birdsill Holly. The locks were also the only place on the canal with separate eastbound and westbound flights.","narrative":"Along the north side of the Erie Canal in Lockport, this 20-acre district brings together the canal's famous double flight of locks and the remains of the industries that grew up beside them. The original ten combined locks of 1825 lifted boats sixty feet over the Niagara escarpment. The 1859 northern flight of five masonry locks survives, though its gates are gone, while two concrete lift locks from 1909-18 now carry traffic. A hydraulic raceway tunnel, cut through solid rock beginning in 1856, once supplied water power to mills along the canal. Those mills included the Holly Manufacturing Company, founded by inventor Birdsill Holly, which made pumps, sewing machines, boxes and ironware. Most of the factories were abandoned or burned by 1909, leaving ruins and foundations plus the stone Bickford Box building. The district was listed for showing how canal transportation and water power built Lockport's economy during the nineteenth century.","period_of_significance":"1800-1899","architect_builder":"Nathan Roberts (lock plan)","architectural_style":null,"criteria":[],"status_note":"Locks partly in use (the 1909-18 lift locks); the 1859 flight's gates are removed, the raceway no longer carries water, and most mill structures are ruins. The Bickford Box building survives. The eastern end is privately owned, with city acquisition for a park planned.","vacant_flag":null,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:50:39.181523-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_NY/75001211.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/75001211/7b5f87eb49-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/75001211/7b5f87eb49-1600.webp","licence":"Public domain","author":"Pubdog (talk)","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lockport_Industrial_District_Locks_1_Jun_09.JPG\" rel=\"noopener\">Pubdog (talk)</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Lockport_Industrial_District_Locks_1_Jun_09.JPG"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/75320117","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockport_Industrial_District","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6665745"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/new-york/niagara-county/lockport-industrial-district-75001211/"}