{"nrhp_refnum":"75001206","name":"Grand Central Terminal","other_names":["See Also:Grand Central Terminal (Boundary Increase: Park Ave"],"category":"building","location":{"address":"71-105 E. 42nd St.","address_restricted":false,"city":"New York","county":"Manhattan","state":"NY","lat":40.75266203100006,"lon":-73.97727339535078,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1975-01-17","is_nhl":true,"nhl_designated_date":"1976-12-08","areas_of_significance":["Commerce","Art","Engineering","Transportation","Architecture"],"significance_levels":["national"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"Grand Central Terminal is a railroad station at 71-105 East 42nd Street in Manhattan, New York City, built between 1903 and 1913 for the New York Central Railroad. It is a steel-frame building clad in Stony Creek granite and Bedford limestone.","why_significant":"The nomination presents the terminal as an outstanding work of Beaux-Arts design and railroad engineering. It combines the Reed & Stem plan, William Wilgus's two-level track system and Warren & Wetmore's ornament and sculpture. It also closed the Park Avenue vista and encouraged the avenue's growth as a fashionable residential district.","narrative":"Grand Central Terminal occupies three city blocks on East 42nd Street in Manhattan. Built between 1903 and 1913 for the New York Central Railroad, it is a steel-frame building faced in Stony Creek granite and Bedford limestone. The south facade has three large arched bays between paired Doric columns, topped by Jules-Alexis Coutan's sculpture of Mercury with Minerva and Hercules. Inside, the Grand Concourse has a vaulted ceiling painted with constellations by Paul Helleu. The design was a joint effort. Reed & Stem won the 1903 competition, engineer William Wilgus devised the two-level track system, and Warren & Wetmore, led by Whitney Warren, shaped the ornament and sculpture. The tracks lie out of sight of the concourse, and elevated roadways carry Park Avenue traffic around the building. The nomination also credits the terminal with spurring Park Avenue's growth as a fashionable residential district, and describes it as a monument to transportation.","period_of_significance":"1903-1913","architect_builder":"Reed & Stem; Warren & Wetmore (Associated Architects); William J. Wilgus, Chief Engineer","architectural_style":"Beaux-Arts (Ecole des Beaux Arts training; monumental composition with Doric columns)","criteria":[],"status_note":"Condition listed as good and altered, on its original site, and occupied. The state's cover letter describes a critical threat of demolition of the interior and the addition of another high rise on top.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:50:39.501386-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_NY/75001206.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/75001206/1da3d3f6ec-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/75001206/1da3d3f6ec-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","author":"Gianluca Miscione","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NYC_GC.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Gianluca Miscione</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NYC_GC.jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/75319560","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Central_Terminal","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11290"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/new-york/manhattan/grand-central-terminal-75001206/"}