{"nrhp_refnum":"75000655","name":"Williams, Dr. Daniel Hale, House","other_names":[],"category":"building","location":{"address":"445 E. 42nd St.","address_restricted":false,"city":"Chicago","county":"Cook County","state":"IL","lat":41.81876343700003,"lon":-87.61530734899998,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1975-05-15","is_nhl":true,"nhl_designated_date":"1975-06-15","areas_of_significance":["Health/Medicine"],"significance_levels":["national"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A two-story frame cottage-style house at 445 East 42nd Street in Chicago, Cook County, Illinois, where surgeon Dr. Daniel Hale Williams lived from about 1905 or 1906 to 1929. It appears to have been built around that time, and no building permits survive.","why_significant":"The house is tied to Dr. Daniel Hale Williams, a Black surgeon of national importance who performed the first fully successful heart operation in 1893. He also founded Provident Hospital, the first hospital in the United States founded and controlled by Black Americans, and its nursing school, the first for Black nurses. He advanced training for Black doctors across the country and was a charter member of the American College of Surgeons.","narrative":"This two-story frame house at 445 East 42nd Street in Chicago, measuring about 26 by 45 feet, is a modest cottage with Queen Anne or picturesque details. Its original lapped wood exterior is now covered with asphalt siding, while the interior is little changed. Property records and city directories indicate that Dr. Daniel Hale Williams lived here from about 1905 or 1906 until 1929, and he may have been the first owner. Williams, born in 1856, was a pioneering Black surgeon. He founded Provident Hospital in 1891, the first hospital in America founded and fully controlled by Black Americans, along with a nursing school for Black nurses. In 1893 he performed a heart operation on a stabbing victim, long recorded as the first fully successful operation of its kind. He later led Freedmen's Hospital in Washington, helped Meharry Medical College, and became a charter member of the American College of Surgeons in 1913. The house is recognized for its link to his national importance.","period_of_significance":"1856-1931 (Williams); c. 1905-1929 (Williams residence in house)","architect_builder":null,"architectural_style":"Cottage with Queen Anne or picturesque details","criteria":[],"status_note":"Condition listed as fair, with minor alterations; the exterior wood siding is now covered with asphalt siding and the interior is little changed.","vacant_flag":null,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:55:35.399966-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/60/8915/28891560/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_IL/75000655_NHL.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/75000655/60330f46dd-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/75000655/60330f46dd-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY-SA 2.0","author":"Zol87 from Chicago, IL, USA","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dr._Daniel_Hale_Willaims_House.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Zol87 from Chicago, IL, USA</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY-SA 2.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dr._Daniel_Hale_Willaims_House.jpg"},"district":{"nrhp_refnum":"12000040","name":"Chicago Park Boulevard System Historic District","url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/districts/illinois/chicago-park-boulevard-system-historic-district-12000040/"},"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/28891560","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Hale_Williams_House","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5217407"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/illinois/cook-county/williams-dr-daniel-hale-house-75000655/"}