{"nrhp_refnum":"74002108","name":"Callie Furnace","other_names":[],"category":"structure","location":{"address":"1.5 mi. N of Glen Wilton in the George Washington National Forest","address_restricted":false,"city":"Glen Wilton","county":"Botetourt County","state":"VA","lat":37.777045057000066,"lon":-79.82372721999997,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1974-01-21","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Industry"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"Callie Furnace is an iron furnace built of hand-laid, mortarless cut stone, located 1.5 miles north of Glen Wilton in Botetourt County, Virginia, on the George Washington National Forest. It was constructed in 1873 by D. S. Cook.","why_significant":"The nomination presents it as one of many iron furnaces built in the 1800s, well sited near ore supply and rail transportation. Its ore was shipped as pig iron via Clifton Forge to mills in Ohio and Pennsylvania. It remains in good condition and is still an impressive sight.","narrative":"Callie Furnace is a pyramid-shaped iron furnace of hand-laid cut stone, assembled without mortar, in the George Washington National Forest about 1.5 miles north of Glen Wilton, Botetourt County, Virginia. D. S. Cook built it in 1873 and named it for his wife, Caroline Wilton Cook. The stack rises 33 feet above the firebox and has an interior diameter of 8 feet. It was designed for charcoal, converted to coke in 1875, and enlarged in 1880. Furnaces of this type were set against a hillside so ore, limestone and fuel could be carried across a bridge to the top, and a water wheel powered the bellows. Ore mined on the property was shipped as pig iron from the rail center at Clifton Forge to mills in Ohio and Pennsylvania. The last recorded mention of the furnace in blast was April 1884, and the nearby Princess Furnace, built that year, probably replaced it. The structure remains in good condition, though the bridge and bellows are gone.","period_of_significance":"19th Century","architect_builder":"D. S. Cook","architectural_style":null,"criteria":[],"status_note":"Described as in good condition; the bridge to the furnace top and the bellows are gone. The form marks the property as unoccupied.","vacant_flag":true,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:51:58.137638-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/42/6798/41679842/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_VA/74002108.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/74002108/843c74a3bd-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/74002108/843c74a3bd-1600.webp","licence":"Public domain","author":"Nyttend","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Callie_Furnace_overview.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Nyttend</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Callie_Furnace_overview.jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/41679842","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Callie_Furnace","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14712120"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/virginia/botetourt-county/callie-furnace-74002108/"}