{"nrhp_refnum":"73000635","name":"Swift-Kyle House","other_names":[],"category":"building","location":{"address":"303 12th St.","address_restricted":false,"city":"Columbus","county":"Muscogee County","state":"GA","lat":32.46937255000006,"lon":-84.98889576199997,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1973-04-11","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Commerce","Architecture","Social History"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A two-story Greek Revival style brick house at 303 Twelfth Street in Columbus, Muscogee County, Georgia, built in 1857 for Dr. Samuel A. Billings, with surviving outbuildings on the lot.","why_significant":"The nomination cites its architecture, including a portico that wraps around a projecting central room, which a local architect considered unusual in the Chattahoochee Valley. It is also described as the only house in downtown Columbus that keeps its original outbuildings. Its long association with Colonel George Parker Swift, a textile manufacturer, and his descendants adds historical interest.","narrative":"Built in 1857 at 303 Twelfth Street in Columbus, Georgia, this two-story house is a variation of Greek Revival design. Its twelve-inch brick walls were stuccoed and scored to look like stone. A two-story portico wraps around a projecting central parlour, a feature a local architect called unique in the Chattahoochee Valley. Dr. Samuel A. Billings built it as a wedding gift for his bride. It later passed to the Rothschild brothers, was used as Union headquarters, and in 1864 was bought by Colonel George Parker Swift, a cotton mill owner whose Muscogee Manufacturing Company became a major towel producer. His descendants lived there for eighty-five years. A fire in 1898 destroyed the roof, leading to a hipped replacement and new composite columns. Two brick outbuildings added by Swift and a small frame building remain, making it the only downtown Columbus house with its original outbuildings. By 1972 it served as home to several businesses.","period_of_significance":"19th Century (specific date 1857)","architect_builder":"Dr. Samuel A. Billings (builder/original owner)","architectural_style":"Variation of Greek Revival","criteria":[],"status_note":"Listed in good condition, altered, on its original site; in 1972 it housed several businesses and an artist studio in the rear outbuilding.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:55:40.252882-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_GA/73000635.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/73000635/97bf406d9e-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/73000635/97bf406d9e-1600.webp","licence":"Public domain","author":"L.D. ANDREW - PHOTOGRAPHER","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Swift_Mansion,_Columbus_(Muscogee_County,_Georgia).jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">L.D. ANDREW - PHOTOGRAPHER</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Swift_Mansion,_Columbus_(Muscogee_County,_Georgia).jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/93209144","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swift-Kyle_House","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17027132"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/georgia/muscogee-county/swift-kyle-house-73000635/"}