{"nrhp_refnum":"73000618","name":"Johnston's Line","other_names":[],"category":"site","location":{"address":"SE of Mableton off U.S. 78 at Chattachooche River","address_restricted":false,"city":"Mableton","county":"Cobb County","state":"GA","lat":33.792184398000046,"lon":-84.52285328935645,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1973-07-05","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Military"],"significance_levels":["national"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A Civil War site of Union and Confederate earthen fortifications on both sides of Nickajack Creek where it enters the Chattahoochee River, in the Mableton area of Cobb County, Georgia. The works were dug in June 1864.","why_significant":"The earthworks are among the few remaining traces of both armies on the northern perimeter of Atlanta. They were the last Confederate defensive line north of the Chattahoochee, and the Confederate section holds a variety of well-preserved defensive features.","narrative":"Earthen Civil War fortifications lie on both sides of Nickajack Creek, near its meeting with the Chattahoochee River in Cobb County, Georgia. The Confederate works, east of the creek, form the southern end of a defensive line five to six miles long that was built in June 1864. Gen. Joseph Johnston's engineers, Georgia militia and about a thousand impressed laborers spent a month or more on it. A long earthwork follows a ridge crest, with rifle pits, two triangular forts, redoubts and a semi-lunar gun emplacement. West of the creek are Union trenches built as a countermeasure, and a pentagonal gun emplacement crowns a hill to the southwest. About one-fourth of the original line survives. It was the last Confederate line north of the river and let Johnston move his troops and trains across. Sherman called it one of the strongest field fortifications he had seen. Highway construction threatened part of the site when it was listed.","period_of_significance":"19th Century (specific dates June, July 1864)","architect_builder":"Gen. Joseph Johnston's engineers, Georgia militia units, and impressed black laborers","architectural_style":null,"criteria":[],"status_note":"Condition given as excellent and unaltered, on its original site. Part of the site is endangered by development, and a federally funded highway is scheduled to cut across the land in fall 1973.","vacant_flag":null,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:55:41.435947-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_GA/73000618.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/73000618/fd8e85ab32-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/73000618/fd8e85ab32-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","author":"LittleT889","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Shoupade_Park.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">LittleT889</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Shoupade_Park.jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/93207585","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnston%27s_River_Line","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16966093"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/georgia/cobb-county/johnstons-line-73000618/"}