{"nrhp_refnum":"73000227","name":"Hospital Rock Army Camp Site","other_names":[],"category":"district","location":{"address":"S of Tulelake, Lava Beds National Monument","address_restricted":false,"city":"Tulelake","county":"Siskiyou County","state":"CA","lat":41.82878155900008,"lon":-121.47633804307637,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1973-10-02","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Native American","Conservation"],"significance_levels":["national"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A roughly 2,200-acre district at Hospital Rock, an isolated lava formation on the south shore of Tule Lake in Lava Beds National Monument, Siskiyou County, California. It contains the site of U.S. Army camps and rock fortifications from the 1873 Modoc War.","why_significant":"The Modoc War was the only major Indian war fought in California, and Hospital Rock was the base of operations for the Army's eastern force in attacks on Captain Jack's Stronghold. Troops camped here in January and April 1873, and Lt. William L. Sherwood was killed nearby. At least 16 rock fortifications remain identifiable.","narrative":"Hospital Rock is an isolated lava formation on the south shore of Tule Lake, within Lava Beds National Monument in Siskiyou County, California. In 1873 the surrounding flat, grassy ground served twice as a camp for U.S. troops fighting the Modoc War, the only major Indian war fought in California. Captain Reuben Bernard's eastern force camped here on January 16 before its failed attack on Captain Jack's Stronghold, and Major Edwin Mason's larger force camped here in April. Lt. William L. Sherwood was killed after walking west of the fortifications to meet Modocs under a truce flag. Troops built small loose-rock forts on lava ridges and humps nearby, and at least 16 can still be identified. Mason advanced from this camp for the second attack, which led to the Army occupying the Stronghold. The camp was broken up soon afterward. A paved road crosses the area, and earth removal south of it has damaged the historic scene.","period_of_significance":"1873","architect_builder":null,"architectural_style":null,"criteria":[],"status_note":"Condition is marked excellent and altered; the property is unoccupied, publicly owned and open to the public. Earth removal south of the paved road has damaged the historic scene.","vacant_flag":true,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:55:32.02821-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_CA/73000227.pdf"},"photo":null,"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/123861979","wikipedia":null,"wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q67123998"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/california/siskiyou-county/hospital-rock-army-camp-site-73000227/"}