{"nrhp_refnum":"71000090","name":"Baldwin, Loammi, Mansion","other_names":[],"category":"building","location":{"address":"2 Alfred St.","address_restricted":false,"city":"Woburn","county":"Middlesex County","state":"MA","lat":42.50229681900004,"lon":-71.15753608999995,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1971-10-07","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Military","Engineering","Politics/Government","Architecture","Agriculture"],"significance_levels":["national"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A three-story Federal-style mansion dating from about 1750 in Woburn, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, originally on Elm Street and later moved about 800 feet to Alfred Street beside the Middlesex Canal.","why_significant":"The Baldwin family owned the property from 1661 to 1933. Col. Loammi Baldwin, builder of the Middlesex Canal and discoverer of the Baldwin apple, was born and died in the house, and his son Loammi Baldwin Jr., called the father of American civil engineering, also lived there. It is also described as one of the best examples of Federal architecture in the locality.","narrative":"This three-story mansion in Woburn, Massachusetts, dates from about 1750 according to the Historic American Buildings Survey. It has imitation ashlar siding, a hipped roof with a monitor, a five-bay main facade, and giant Tuscan pilasters on high pedestals at the corners. The elaborate entrance and Palladian window above it appear to be later additions, and a two-story rear ell was added around 1820. The Baldwin family owned the land from 1661 to 1933. Col. Loammi Baldwin, a Revolutionary War officer, supervised construction of the Middlesex Canal, completed in 1803, and gave his name to the Baldwin apple after finding the original tree while surveying. He was born and died in the house. His son Loammi Baldwin Jr., considered the father of American civil engineering, also lived there. Threatened with demolition, the house was moved about 800 feet from Elm Street to a site beside the canal off Alfred Street, where it was intended to become a museum after restoration.","period_of_significance":"18th and 19th centuries (specific date c.1750)","architect_builder":null,"architectural_style":"Federal","criteria":[],"status_note":"Moved about 800 feet to Alfred Street because it was threatened with demolition; the later form lists it as unoccupied, with preservation work in progress and a planned museum use after restoration.","vacant_flag":true,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:11:54.590258-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/40/7955/63795540/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_MA/71000090.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/71000090/93f32997d0-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/71000090/93f32997d0-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY-SA 3.0","author":"Daderot at en.wikipedia","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Baldwin_House,_Woburn,_Massachusetts.JPG\" rel=\"noopener\">Daderot at en.wikipedia</a>, <a href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Baldwin_House,_Woburn,_Massachusetts.JPG"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/63795540","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baldwin_House_(Woburn,_Massachusetts)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4850567"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/massachusetts/middlesex-county/baldwin-loammi-mansion-71000090/"}