{"nrhp_refnum":"70000520","name":"Schoenbrunn Site","other_names":["Schoenbrunn","Schoenbrunn Site State Memorial"],"category":"site","location":{"address":"U.S. 250","address_restricted":false,"city":"New Philadelphia","county":"Tuscarawas County","state":"OH","lat":40.46547901500003,"lon":-81.41873279338385,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1970-11-10","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Religion","Social History"],"significance_levels":["state"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"Archaeological site and state memorial of Schoenbrunn, a Moravian mission village founded in 1772 near New Philadelphia, Goshen Township, Tuscarawas County, Ohio. The village was destroyed in 1777, and several buildings have since been reconstructed on the original site.","why_significant":"The nomination presents Schoenbrunn as the first organized American settlement in the Northwest Territory, founded by the Moravian missionary David Zeisberger with 28 Delaware Indians. It combined Indian and European customs, with a school, a church and a written set of rules of government. It was abandoned and destroyed in 1777 because of its awkward neutral position in the Revolutionary War.","narrative":"Schoenbrunn was a Moravian mission village on the Tuscarawas River in what is now New Philadelphia, Ohio. David Zeisberger led 28 Delaware Indians to the spot in May 1772 and named it for a beautiful spring. The village was laid out in August 1772 with two streets in a T shape and forty lots, one for each family. Within two years it held more than 60 houses, a log church and a log school where nearly 100 children were enrolled by 1775. Residents followed 18 rules of government and farmed in common. The settlement is described as the first organized American settlement in the Northwest Territory. Caught between American and British strongholds during the Revolutionary War, it was abandoned and destroyed in 1777 and never reoccupied. No original buildings survive, but archaeological work in the 1920s and 1950s confirmed the village location. The State of Ohio acquired the site in 1923, and reconstructed cabins, the church, the schoolhouse and a trading post now stand there.","period_of_significance":"1772-1777","architect_builder":null,"architectural_style":null,"criteria":[],"status_note":"No original structures remain. Reconstruction of cabins, the church, the schoolhouse and a trading post began in 1927 and was still in progress. The site is a state-owned park and museum.","vacant_flag":null,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:53:09.783718-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_OH/70000520.pdf"},"photo":null,"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/71991772","wikipedia":null,"wikidata":null},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/ohio/tuscarawas-county/schoenbrunn-site-70000520/"}