{"nrhp_refnum":"66000660","name":"Brandywine Battlefield","other_names":[],"category":"district","location":{"address":"Brandywine Battlefield Park","address_restricted":false,"city":"Chadds Ford","county":"Delaware County","state":"PA","lat":39.88881671850004,"lon":-75.58353008038063,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"1966-10-15","is_nhl":true,"nhl_designated_date":"1961-01-20","areas_of_significance":["Military"],"significance_levels":["national"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A 7,000-acre battlefield landmark and historic district in Chadds Ford, Delaware County, Pennsylvania, containing the 1777 battle site and surviving 18th-century stone houses, meetinghouses, a mill and a state park. The landmark is listed as a district.","why_significant":"The nomination argues the battle was the only major clash between Washington's Continentals and Howe's British forces during the campaign that captured Philadelphia. Although the Americans were defeated, the form states the Continentals showed they could withstand a determined attack by British regulars. The surrounding farmland and stone buildings are described as remaining largely unchanged from the time of the battle.","narrative":"Brandywine Battlefield covers roughly seven thousand acres around Chadds Ford in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, where Washington's Continental Army fought Howe's British forces on September 11, 1777. Howe sent a force under Knyphausen across the Brandywine at Chadds Ford while Cornwallis marched twelve miles north and crossed at Jefferis Ford, flanking the American line. Washington's intelligence on the flanking movement was contradicted by a later report, and Sullivan's line broke near the Birmingham Meetinghouse. Greene held a delaying action while Wayne's troops at the ford were forced back. Nightfall ended the fighting, and the Americans withdrew to Chester. The landmark is significant as the only major clash in the campaign against Philadelphia, and the district includes stone houses dating from the 1700s, the Birmingham Friends Meetinghouse, Brinton's Mill, and the Ring House and Gideon Gilpin House within the state park.","period_of_significance":"September 11, 1777","architect_builder":null,"architectural_style":null,"criteria":[],"status_note":"Much of the land remains farmland and woodland, with some later structures and an electric power line noted as intrusions. The state maintains a 50-acre park on Route 1.","vacant_flag":null,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.1-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 17:11:30.449171-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_PA/66000660_NHL.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/66000660/1cfd58739d-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/66000660/1cfd58739d-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY 2.0","author":"berriehol","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Brandywine_Battlefield.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">berriehol</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY 2.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Brandywine_Battlefield.jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/71994163","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brandywine_Battlefield","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4957272"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/pennsylvania/delaware-county/brandywine-battlefield-66000660/"}