{"nrhp_refnum":"12000955","name":"Grenadier Island Schoolhouse","other_names":["School No. 16"],"category":"building","location":{"address":"Grenadier Island Rd. 3","address_restricted":false,"city":"Grenadier Island","county":"Jefferson County","state":"NY","lat":44.05010441400003,"lon":-76.35395327099997,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"2012-11-21","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Architecture","Social History"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A one-room frame schoolhouse (School No. 16) on Grenadier Island, Cape Vincent, Jefferson County, New York, built around 1879, with a contributing c1879 outhouse behind it.","why_significant":"The nomination argues it is a rare and highly intact nineteenth-century frame schoolhouse in the Town of Cape Vincent, with an unchanged rural setting. It also illustrates how a rural school district responded to mid-nineteenth-century education reform and the later decline of the one-room school. It served the island's small community until 1942.","narrative":"Grenadier Island Schoolhouse is a small, one-room frame school on an undeveloped island at the northeastern end of Lake Ontario, about two miles from the mainland at Cape Vincent. Built around 1879, it replaced an earlier log school dating to 1822. It sits on a quarry-faced limestone foundation, with clapboard siding, a gable roof and a brick ridge chimney. Inside are painted tongue-and-groove walls, beaded wainscoting, nineteenth-century desks, a cast-iron stove, the original blackboard and a raised teacher's platform. A two-chamber outhouse stands behind it. The property matters as a rare, highly intact rural schoolhouse, set in the same grassland and woods as the first school on the site. It reflects how a remote district kept a school going for a small and shifting island population. As high school students needed mainland transportation and the one-room model became obsolete, the school remained active until 1942, when the Cape Vincent district consolidated.","period_of_significance":"c1879-1942","architect_builder":null,"architectural_style":"Mid-19th century (vernacular)","criteria":["A","C"],"status_note":"Listed current function is vacant, not in use. The building keeps its original outhouse, cast-iron stove, blackboard and interior finishes, but has replacement window sash. It is not electrified.","vacant_flag":true,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:50:48.168253-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_NY/12000955.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/12000955/983f5e596b-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/12000955/983f5e596b-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY 2.5","author":"Grenadier1812","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Grenadier_Island_(New_York)_Schoolhouse.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Grenadier1812</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY 2.5</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Grenadier_Island_(New_York)_Schoolhouse.jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/75318237","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grenadier_Island_Schoolhouse","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23091717"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/new-york/jefferson-county/grenadier-island-schoolhouse-12000955/"}