{"nrhp_refnum":"11000839","name":"Cave Hill Farm","other_names":["DHR File No. 082-0386","44rm0244","44rm0245","44rm0246"],"category":"building","location":{"address":"9780 Cave Hill Rd.","address_restricted":false,"city":"McGaheysville","county":"Rockingham County","state":"VA","lat":38.35878952250005,"lon":-78.71971529351511,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"2011-11-18","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Architecture","Commerce","Agriculture"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"Cave Hill Farm is a 158-acre farm at 9780 Cave Hill Road near McGaheysville in eastern Rockingham County, Virginia. Its centerpiece is a ca. 1847 two-story brick house with Federal and Greek Revival features, surrounded by farm outbuildings, a bank barn, a cave and a race.","why_significant":"The nomination finds local significance in architecture, commerce and agriculture for a period from about 1847 to 1960. The brick house is an example of transitional Federal and Greek Revival design, attributed to Samuel Gibbons. The farm was also the base of Gerard Tyson Hopkins, who ran a group of small industries (stave, saw and bone mills), a winery and the Rockingham Springs resort.","narrative":"Cave Hill Farm occupies about 158 acres in the stream bottom along Stony Run near McGaheysville, Virginia. Its main building is a ca. 1847 brick house of two stories and five bays, with a pedimented portico whose stuccoed brick columns flank marble figures of Ceres and a fruit-bearing male figure. Inside, a center-passage plan carries mantels and door surrounds that blend Federal and Greek Revival styles. The basement served for cooking, storage, and a wine cellar tied to a vineyard of the 1870s. Nearby are a meat house, a windmill, a stile, a bank barn of about 1870, a race, and a limestone cave with springs. The Hopkins family acquired the farm in 1868. Gerard Tyson Hopkins ran a stave and saw mill complex, a bone mill, and a winery here, and he founded the Rockingham Springs resort. The property is listed for its architecture, its agricultural history, and its role in local commerce between about 1847 and 1960.","period_of_significance":"Ca. 1847-1960","architect_builder":"Gibbons, Samuel (attributed)","architectural_style":"Early Republic: Federal; Mid-19th Century: Greek Revival","criteria":["A","B","C"],"status_note":"Actively farmed; the house is used as an inn, with rooms including an innkeeper's bedroom, and basement rooms rehabilitated with period furnishings and displays.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:52:02.742687-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/83/6834/41683483/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_VA/11000839.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/11000839/005b447888-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/11000839/005b447888-1600.webp","licence":"Public domain","author":"Nyttend","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cave_Hill_Farmhouse.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Nyttend</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cave_Hill_Farmhouse.jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/41683483","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cave_Hill_Farm","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858488"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/virginia/rockingham-county/cave-hill-farm-11000839/"}