{"nrhp_refnum":"11000835","name":"Unison Battlefield Historic District","other_names":["VDHR File Numbers: 053-6087, 44LD1610 ."],"category":"district","location":{"address":"Parts of Quaker Ln., Jeb Stuart, Unison, Newlin Mill, Millville, Bloomfield, Welbourne, Greengarden Rds.","address_restricted":false,"city":"Unison","county":"Loudoun County","state":"VA","lat":39.028447432000036,"lon":-77.83079040200502,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"2011-11-22","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Military","Historic - Non-Aboriginal"],"significance_levels":["national"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A rural battlefield historic district of about 8,000 acres in the Virginia Piedmont, spanning southwestern Loudoun County and part of Fauquier County, from near Philomont to Upperville. It preserves the landscape of the Battle of Unison, fought November 1-3, 1862.","why_significant":"The district marks the series of Confederate delaying engagements fought over three days in early November 1862 against more numerous Union forces. It is argued to be one of the best-preserved battlefields in Virginia, with its road network, stone walls, historic buildings and archeological integrity largely intact. Criterion A is marked, and the form certifies significance at the national level.","narrative":"Covering roughly 8,000 acres of rolling Piedmont countryside in southwestern Loudoun and northern Fauquier counties, this district preserves the ground where Confederate cavalry and artillery fought the Battle of Unison on November 1-3, 1862. Outnumbered Confederate forces formed a series of quick defensive lines, using creeks, hills, roads, stone walls and buildings to slow the Union advance before falling back toward Upperville and the road west. Much of the landscape looks as it did then. Narrow, largely unpaved roads follow their 1862 beds and are lined with dry-laid stone walls, and the ford on Jeb Stuart Road still works as it did in the battle. Many houses, mills, churches, cemeteries and springhouses that stood during the fighting survive, including the village of Unison, where a Methodist church served as a Union hospital. More than half of the land is under conservation easement, and no modern commercial development has occurred inside the boundaries. The district is recognized for its military history and its unusually intact setting.","period_of_significance":null,"architect_builder":null,"architectural_style":"Colonial: Georgian; Early Republic: Federal; Mid-19th Century: Greek Revival; Other: I-house","criteria":["A"],"status_note":"More than half of the acreage is held in conservation easements; land use is mainly horse rearing, with some historic buildings from 1862 still standing and few modern intrusions.","vacant_flag":null,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:52:02.825406-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/71/6816/41681671/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_VA/11000835.pdf"},"photo":null,"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/41681671","wikipedia":null,"wikidata":null},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/virginia/loudoun-county/unison-battlefield-historic-district-11000835/"}