{"nrhp_refnum":"10000084","name":"Grafton-Rockwood Historic District","other_names":[],"category":"district","location":{"address":"Parts of Grafton, Homewood, Rockwood Ave, Oaks Ave, Old Orchard Ave.","address_restricted":false,"city":"Dayton","county":"Montgomery County","state":"OH","lat":39.77336679600003,"lon":-84.20685283519026,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"2010-03-22","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Community Planning and Development"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A compact residential historic district of about 15 acres in Dayton's Five Oaks neighborhood, Montgomery County, Ohio, made up mainly of single-family houses along Grafton, Rockwood, Old Orchard, Five Oaks and Homewood Avenues, built ca. 1910-1928.","why_significant":"The district is significant as an intact early 20th century middle-class streetcar-era neighborhood. It was developed after the city's 1909 annexation, on lots platted from the Pierce estate. The Five Oaks neighborhood is described as the first in Dayton developed specifically for middle-class families. Its houses show consistent scale, setback and design, with American Foursquare, Bungalow and Craftsman types.","narrative":"Grafton-Rockwood is a dense residential district of roughly 15 acres in Dayton's Five Oaks neighborhood, north of the Great Miami River. It includes 117 contributing resources, mostly modest one-and-a-half to two-and-a-half story houses and their garages, built between about 1910 and 1928 on lots averaging 42 by 114 feet. American Foursquare houses dominate, alongside Bungalows, Craftsman-influenced homes, a few duplexes, and occasional Colonial Revival and Dutch Colonial examples. The land came from the Pierce estate, which was platted in 1907, with later lots along Grafton platted in 1916. Dayton's 1909 annexation brought roads, police and fire protection, and schools, while the Dayton View Street Railway linked the area to downtown. The district is recognized as an example of affordable middle-class housing, laid out to attract families seeking new homes away from flood-prone areas, and it keeps a uniform setback and a consistent period character.","period_of_significance":null,"architect_builder":null,"architectural_style":"Late 19th and Early 20th Century Movements: American Foursquare/Bungalow/Craftsman","criteria":[],"status_note":"Historic and current functions are both listed as single-family and multiple dwelling residential use.","vacant_flag":null,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:52:07.810585-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_OH/10000084.pdf"},"photo":null,"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/71990597","wikipedia":null,"wikidata":null},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/ohio/montgomery-county/grafton-rockwood-historic-district-10000084/"}