{"nrhp_refnum":"07000699","name":"Columbus Manufacturing Company","other_names":["West Point Pepperell and West Point Stevens Company","Johnston Mill"],"category":"district","location":{"address":"3201 1st Av.","address_restricted":false,"city":"Columbus","county":"Muscogee County","state":"GA","lat":32.49115095600004,"lon":-84.99197812244196,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"2007-07-10","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Architecture","Engineering","Industry"],"significance_levels":["state"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A textile mill complex on a bluff above the Chattahoochee River north of downtown Columbus, Georgia, at 3201 First Avenue. Designed by the Boston engineering firm Lockwood, Greene & Co., it was built 1899-1901 and expanded through the 1920s.","why_significant":"The mill is significant in architecture and engineering for showing early 20th-century advances in using electricity to produce textiles in Georgia. It was among the first Georgia mills to use hydroelectric power, supplied by the North Highlands Dam. It is also significant in industry as an example of the New South-era rise of textile manufacturing and a leading employer in Columbus.","narrative":"This brick textile mill complex overlooks the Chattahoochee River north of downtown Columbus, Georgia. Built between 1899 and 1901 to a design by the Boston engineering firm Lockwood, Greene & Co., it centers on a four-story main mill enlarged in 1910, with a concrete-framed weave shed of 1922, a cloth-finishing annex, cotton warehouses, two power plants, an office and an elevated water tank. Local business leaders built it to use inexpensive electricity from the nearby North Highlands Dam, then the largest dam in the South, and it was among the first Georgia mills to run on hydroelectric power. Its slow-burn construction and fire-suppression water system reflect the engineering of the period. The mill produced cotton sheeting until it closed in 1996, and it illustrates the growth of Georgia's textile industry in the early 20th century. Rehabilitated in 2004, it now provides loft apartments.","period_of_significance":"1901-1957","architect_builder":"Lockwood, Greene & Co. (engineering firm)","architectural_style":"No style","criteria":["A","C"],"status_note":"Rehabilitated in 2004 as loft apartments; the main mill, north annex, cotton warehouses and weave shed serve as residences. The mill closed in 1996.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:55:43.473736-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_GA/07000699.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/07000699/71b5e07d7f-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/07000699/71b5e07d7f-1600.webp","licence":"Public domain","author":"Unknown authorUnknown author","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Columbus_Manufacturing_Company,_Thirty-second_Street_%26_First_Avenue,_Columbus_(Muscogee_County,_Georgia).jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Unknown authorUnknown author</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Columbus_Manufacturing_Company,_Thirty-second_Street_%26_First_Avenue,_Columbus_(Muscogee_County,_Georgia).jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/93209080","wikipedia":null,"wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141782977"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/georgia/muscogee-county/columbus-manufacturing-company-07000699/"}