{"nrhp_refnum":"07000416","name":"Fort Colvin","other_names":["Covill's Fort","Colvin House","VDHR File #034-0026 and 44FK592"],"category":"building","location":{"address":"104 Stonebrook Rd.","address_restricted":false,"city":"Winchester","county":"Frederick County","state":"VA","lat":39.140832429000056,"lon":-78.22509193099995,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"2007-05-08","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Exploration/Settlement","Architecture","Historic - Non-Aboriginal"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A one-and-a-half-story stone and frame house built circa 1750 on the east bank of Opequon Creek near Winchester in Frederick County, Virginia, on about 2.027 acres within the Stonebrook Farms subdivision. The property also includes an outbuilding foundation site and footbridge remains.","why_significant":"The nomination argues it is a rare surviving example of frontier construction rooted in Ulster, Irish vernacular architecture, and one of few early houses on Opequon Creek never enlarged. It is tied to the earliest multi-ethnic settlement west of the Blue Ridge in Virginia. Its archaeological deposits also have potential to yield information on farmstead life in the Shenandoah Valley.","narrative":"Fort Colvin is a small stone and frame house built around 1750 beside Opequon Creek, a few miles from Winchester in Frederick County, Virginia. Measuring roughly 24 by 34 feet, it has a cellar, a main floor and an attic, divided by a massive central stone chimney, a plan associated with Ulster in Northern Ireland. Unlike nearly every other 18th-century house on the creek, it was never enlarged, so it keeps its original size and character. The name comes from local tradition linking it to a settler's fort, but a 2003 archaeological study found mostly domestic debris and no evidence of military use. That work also identified an outbuilding foundation and footbridge remains. The house was listed for its connection to early Scots-Irish and German settlement of the Lower Shenandoah Valley, its rare architecture, and its archaeological potential. The building is now vacant and weathered.","period_of_significance":"circa 1750-1927","architect_builder":"Unknown","architectural_style":"Colonial","criteria":["A","C","D"],"status_note":"Current function is listed as vacant; the building is deteriorated, with missing window panes, boarded windows, and badly worn floors and doors. It is owned by the Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities.","vacant_flag":true,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:52:02.484083-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/28/6808/41680828/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_VA/07000416.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/07000416/2c7d1a2c7d-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/07000416/2c7d1a2c7d-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","author":"JERRYE &amp; ROY KLOTZ M.D.","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:FORT_COLVIN,_FREDERICK_COUNTY,_VA.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">JERRYE &amp;amp; ROY KLOTZ M.D.</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:FORT_COLVIN,_FREDERICK_COUNTY,_VA.jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/41680828","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Colvin","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14712327"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/virginia/frederick-county/fort-colvin-07000416/"}