{"nrhp_refnum":"06001011","name":"Town of Bermuda Hundred Historic District","other_names":["020-0064"],"category":"district","location":{"address":"Both sides of Bermuda Hundred and Allied Rds.","address_restricted":false,"city":"Chester","county":"Chesterfield County","state":"VA","lat":37.34175544100006,"lon":-77.27196423148823,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"2006-11-08","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Agriculture","Historic - Non-Aboriginal"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A 16.2-acre riverfront village historic district at the end of Bermuda Hundred Road on the James River in Chesterfield County, Virginia, with seven houses and outbuildings, a church, a schoolhouse, a cemetery, a marker and one excavated archaeological site. Settlement dates from about 1613.","why_significant":"The district is argued to be significant for its long history as a colonial town, port of entry, slave market and later a free African-American enclave and Civil War Union supply station. Its standing buildings and buried remains also hold information on commerce, agriculture and settlement from the 17th to the 20th century.","narrative":"Bermuda Hundred is a quiet village of about 16 acres where Bermuda Hundred Road meets the James River in Chesterfield County. Settlement began around 1613, and the town later served as a market, a slave market, and the official Virginia and federal port of entry in the late 1700s. Steamboat wharfs once lined the waterfront but have rotted away. Today the district contains houses with outbuildings, a Baptist church founded in 1850 by the African-American members of a divided congregation, an early 20th-century schoolhouse for Black children, a cemetery, and one excavated archaeological site. The Bishop-Johnson House, tied to merchants including the free Black merchant Archibald Batte, sits beside an excavated store site. Union troops occupied the peninsula in 1864, leaving camp remains. Unrecorded archaeological deposits are likely beneath the village and in nearby fields. The district was listed for its history in agriculture, commerce and archaeology.","period_of_significance":"ca. 1613 to 1940","architect_builder":null,"architectural_style":"Mid-19th Century; Late 19th and 20th Century (includes Greek Revival church)","criteria":["A","D"],"status_note":"The former schoolhouse is derelict and abandoned; most other buildings are in use as dwellings. The wharfs have rotted away.","vacant_flag":null,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:52:03.201293-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/97/6786/41678697/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_VA/06001011.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/06001011/35ecafde5f-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/06001011/35ecafde5f-1600.webp","licence":"Public domain","author":"Nyttend","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bermuda_Hundred_houses.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Nyttend</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bermuda_Hundred_houses.jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/41678697","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bermuda_Hundred,_Virginia","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4892627"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/virginia/chesterfield-county/town-of-bermuda-hundred-historic-district-06001011/"}