{"nrhp_refnum":"06000022","name":"Substation 235","other_names":["Greenwich Substation"],"category":"structure","location":{"address":"23 W. 13th St.","address_restricted":false,"city":"New York","county":"Manhattan","state":"NY","lat":40.738911451000035,"lon":-74.00225522999995,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"2006-02-09","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Transportation","Architecture","Engineering","Community Planning and Development"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"Substation 235, also called the Greenwich Substation, is a three-story masonry subway power substation at 23 West 13th Street in the West Village, Manhattan, built in 1932 for the city's IND subway system.","why_significant":"It is significant for its role in powering the IND's 8th Avenue Line (transportation, community planning and development) and as an example of Art Deco design and subway power engineering. It keeps a relatively high degree of integrity, including its original overhead crane and fresh air intake plenum.","narrative":"Substation 235, known as the Greenwich Substation, is a three-story brick and limestone power station at 23 West 13th Street in Manhattan's West Village. Built in 1932, it converted purchased alternating current into direct current for the trains of the 8th Avenue Line of the city-owned IND subway. Its lot, at the meeting of West 13th Street and Greenwich Avenue, gave it a rectangular plan with a clipped corner and a pointed front. The Art Deco facade hides the building's function behind brown brick laid in Flemish patterns, limestone piers topped with square turrets, a geometric frieze, and embossed aluminum doors beneath a carved name plate. Inside, a windowless hall has a concrete ceiling carried on metal trusses, with an original overhead crane and fresh air intake plenum. Renovations in 2005 removed the last rotary converters. The building is valued for its transportation role, its architecture and its engineering, and it retains a relatively high degree of integrity.","period_of_significance":"1932","architect_builder":null,"architectural_style":"Modern Movement/Art Deco","criteria":["A","C"],"status_note":"Interior renovated in 2005, with the last two automatic rotary converters scheduled for removal and solid state rectifiers installed; basement had fires in 2003 and 2004. Exterior substantially intact.","vacant_flag":null,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:51:53.565857-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_NY/06000022.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/06000022/fc504c7adf-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/06000022/fc504c7adf-1600.webp","licence":"CC0","author":"Jim.henderson","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Greenwich_substation_nite_jeh.JPG\" rel=\"noopener\">Jim.henderson</a>, <a href=\"http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Greenwich_substation_nite_jeh.JPG"},"district":{"nrhp_refnum":"79001604","name":"Greenwich Village Historic District (Additional Documentation)","url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/districts/new-york/greenwich-village-historic-district-additional-documentation-79001604/"},"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/75313873","wikipedia":null,"wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6134970"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/new-york/manhattan/substation-235-06000022/"}