{"nrhp_refnum":"05000225","name":"190th Street Subway Station (IND)","other_names":["190th Street Overlook Terrace Subway Station (IRD)"],"category":"structure","location":{"address":"Under Fort Washington Ave. bet. Fort Tryon Park (Cabrini Blvd.) and W. 190th St/","address_restricted":false,"city":"New York","county":"Manhattan","state":"NY","lat":40.85892633800006,"lon":-73.93436953599996,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"2005-03-30","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Transportation","Architecture","Art","Engineering","Community Planning and Development","Social History"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A deep-bored, two-track subway station on the IND Eighth Avenue Line (A train) beneath Fort Washington Avenue in Washington Heights, Manhattan, about 140 feet below street level, with a stone elevator head house near Fort Tryon Park. Construction began in 1928 and the station opened in 1932.","why_significant":"The station is significant under Criterion A for transportation, community planning and development, and social history, and under Criterion C for engineering, architecture and art. It is one of two IND stations located deep within rock tunnels in northern Manhattan. Its fortress-like stone elevator tower with Arts and Crafts and Tudor Gothic details and its naturalistic Bennett Avenue and Overlook Terrace entrances are especially notable. It retains a relatively high degree of integrity.","narrative":"Set about 140 feet below Fort Washington Avenue on the highest ground in Manhattan, this subway station serves the A train in Washington Heights. Built as part of the city-run Independent Subway System, it was begun in 1928 and opened in 1932. It is one of two IND stations cut deep into rock. The platform level is plain and utilitarian, with twin concrete barrel vaults, a central arcade, white tile and mosaic plaques reading \"190.\" Squire J. Vickers designed it, and Robert Ridgeway served as engineer. The most striking feature is the single-story elevator head house of rock-faced stone, with a slate hipped roof and Arts and Crafts and Tudor Gothic details that give it a fortress-like look, possibly inspired by nearby Fort Washington. Entrances on Overlook Terrace and a passage to Bennett Avenue blend into the rocky hillside. The station is valued for its engineering, design, and role in the growth of the surrounding residential area.","period_of_significance":"1932","architect_builder":"Vickers, Squire Joseph (architect); Ridgeway, Robert (design engineer)","architectural_style":"Other/Arts & Crafts; 20th Century Revivals/Tudor Revival","criteria":["A","C"],"status_note":"Still in use as a subway station; the form notes water damage on platform walls and ceilings, and the exterior and interior remain largely intact.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:51:53.915829-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_NY/05000225.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/05000225/ae3a393779-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/05000225/ae3a393779-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY-SA 3.0","author":"Gryffindor","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:190th_Street_IND_Eighth_Avenue_2.JPG\" rel=\"noopener\">Gryffindor</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:190th_Street_IND_Eighth_Avenue_2.JPG"},"district":{"nrhp_refnum":"78001870","name":"Fort Tryon Park and the Cloisters","url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/districts/new-york/fort-tryon-park-and-the-cloisters-78001870/"},"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/75313905","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/190th_Street_station","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1959768"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/new-york/manhattan/190th-street-subway-station-ind-05000225/"}