{"nrhp_refnum":"03000277","name":"Chevrolet Motor Company Building","other_names":[],"category":"building","location":{"address":"3221 Commerce","address_restricted":false,"city":"Dallas","county":"Dallas County","state":"TX","lat":32.78467602100005,"lon":-96.77698976099998,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"2003-04-18","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Industry","Architecture"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A four-story Commercial Style concrete and brick building at 3221 Commerce Street in Dallas, Texas, built in 1923 as a Chevrolet assembly plant and designed by Lang and Witchell.","why_significant":"It was only the second automobile assembly plant built in Dallas, after the 1914 Ford plant, and it helped establish the city's industrial base near the Fair Park Industrial District. It is also an excellent example of the functional aesthetic of 1920s Commercial Style buildings. It is nominated under Criterion A for Industry and Criterion C for Architecture at the local level.","narrative":"Built in 1923 at 3221 Commerce Street, east of downtown Dallas, this four-story concrete and brick building began as a Chevrolet assembly plant. Lang and Witchell designed it, and Hughes-O'Rourke Construction Co. built it for a real estate firm that leased it to Chevrolet. Its site beside the Texas and Pacific Railroad tracks allowed parts to arrive and finished cars to leave by rail. It was only the second automobile assembly plant in Dallas, after Ford's 1914 plant, and it helped shift the surrounding blocks from housing to industry. The exterior shows an expressed concrete frame, wide metal-framed window bays, red brick spandrels and a lightly ornamented parapet. Chevrolet left in 1935, and federal agricultural and resettlement offices occupied the building in the late 1930s. Hesse Envelope Company used it from 1948 to 1965. The open interior of about 60,000 square feet has since been divided into apartments, while the exterior remains largely intact.","period_of_significance":"1923-1952","architect_builder":"Architect = Lang & Witchell; Builder = Hughes-O'Rourke Construction Co.","architectural_style":"Late 19th and Early 20th Century American Movements: Commercial Style","criteria":["A","C"],"status_note":"Converted to apartments (current function: multiple dwelling) with only minor exterior changes; it retains a high degree of integrity.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:54:23.471428-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/63/9717/40971763/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_TX/03000277.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/03000277/2358fa14b8-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/03000277/2358fa14b8-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY-SA 3.0","author":"Renelibrary","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chevrolet_Motor_Company_Building_1.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Renelibrary</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY-SA 3.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Chevrolet_Motor_Company_Building_1.jpg"},"district":{"nrhp_refnum":"100009082","name":"Deep Ellum Historic District","url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/districts/texas/deep-ellum-historic-district-100009082/"},"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/40971763","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chevrolet_Motor_Company_Building","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24884277"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/texas/dallas-county/chevrolet-motor-company-building-03000277/"}