{"nrhp_refnum":"02000897","name":"Short-Line Residential Historic District","other_names":[],"category":"district","location":{"address":"Roughly bounded by West Ln., N. Ellis, Short St., and an unnamed alley to the east","address_restricted":false,"city":"Tyler","county":"Smith County","state":"TX","lat":32.35399939800007,"lon":-95.30757579530307,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"2002-08-22","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Community Planning and Development","Architecture"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A residential historic district of 11 nearly identical one-story Craftsman-influenced wood-frame bungalows and related outbuildings on about 2.89 acres in Tyler, Smith County, Texas, built between about 1930 and 1935 for developer J. H. Herndon.","why_significant":"The nomination argues the district is a rare intact example of working-class 'row' housing in Tyler and the only known surviving concentration of early to mid-20th century housing tied to Tyler's African American community. It reflects rapid population growth and economic expansion, including the oil boom, and shows how a single developer produced low-cost rental housing in a short time. It is significant locally under Criteria A and C.","narrative":"Eleven small, nearly identical wood-frame bungalows line West Line Street and Short Street about five blocks northwest of Tyler's courthouse square. Built between about 1930 and 1935, they were financed by local businessman and developer J. H. Herndon on land inherited from his father, and they housed African American workers such as railroad employees, laundry and restaurant staff, maids, porters and day laborers. Each house has a compact L-shaped plan, a front gable, exposed rafter ends, wood siding and one-over-one windows, with a few variations in porch design. Concrete walks, front lawns and historic sidewalks add to the uniform look. Most surrounding housing has been demolished or altered, so the group stands out as one of the last intact examples of row-type worker housing in the city. The district is recognized for its architecture and for what it shows about community growth in Tyler during a period of prosperity driven by agriculture, manufacturing and oil. Nine houses contribute to the district's historic character.","period_of_significance":"1930-1952","architect_builder":"unknown (built for J. H. Herndon by unknown local contractor(s))","architectural_style":"Late 19th and Early 20th Century American Movements: Bungalow/Craftsman","criteria":["A","C"],"status_note":"Maintained in good condition with a high degree of integrity; still used as single dwellings. Nine of eleven dwellings are contributing; two have synthetic siding and aluminum windows.","vacant_flag":false,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:54:23.074735-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/53/9699/40969953/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_TX/02000897.pdf"},"photo":null,"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/40969953","wikipedia":null,"wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q109999619"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/texas/smith-county/short-line-residential-historic-district-02000897/"}