{"nrhp_refnum":"02000515","name":"Opequon Historic District","other_names":["DHR File No. 0034-5037"],"category":"district","location":{"address":"Jct. of VA 622 and VA 620","address_restricted":false,"city":"Winchester","county":"Frederick County","state":"VA","lat":39.15688592650005,"lon":-78.24717927030292,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"2002-05-16","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Architecture","Exploration/Settlement"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A 94-acre rural village district at the junction of Cedar Creek Grade (VA 622) and Miller Road (VA 620) about five miles southwest of Winchester, Frederick County, Virginia. The settlement dates from about 1736 and includes 33 contributing and 4 noncontributing buildings.","why_significant":"The village is one of Frederick County's earliest settlements, founded by the Glass and Cartmell families, and grew around mills, stores, a church and homes along Opequon Creek. It is significant for settlement history and for its surviving architecture from the 18th to the 20th centuries, including limestone houses, a gristmill and vernacular buildings tied to the area's African American residents.","narrative":"Opequon is a crossroads village about five miles southwest of Winchester, Virginia, where Cedar Creek Grade meets Miller Road beside the headwaters of Opequon Creek. Settlement began around 1736, when the Glass and Cartmell families took up land on opposite banks of the creek. Over the next two centuries the community added gristmills, a barrel factory, a general store that housed a post office from 1876 to 1948, a church that also served as a school, and homes. Surviving buildings include Race Mills, begun around 1751, the limestone Glass-Rinker-Cooper Mill from about 1812, and Homespun, built in 1771. Tokes' Inn, run by descendants of enslaved people from Greenwood, operated as a restaurant and caterer from 1918 to 1998. The district was recognized for its role in early Shenandoah Valley settlement and for its architecture spanning many periods. It covers 94 acres with 33 contributing and 4 noncontributing buildings.","period_of_significance":"1736-1951","architect_builder":"Unknown","architectural_style":"Colonial, Federal, Mid-19th Century, Late Victorian","criteria":["A","C"],"status_note":"Most buildings survive with additions; the Hodgson Store became a residence about 1980, Tokes' Inn restaurant closed in 1998, and the nomination notes suburban development threatening the village.","vacant_flag":null,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:52:01.221571-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/98/6807/41680798/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_VA/02000515.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/02000515/6bcabbd00e-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/02000515/6bcabbd00e-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","author":"AgnosticPreachersKid","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Second_Opequon_Presbyterian_Church_2.JPG\" rel=\"noopener\">AgnosticPreachersKid</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Second_Opequon_Presbyterian_Church_2.JPG"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/41680798","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opequon_Historic_District","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14713029"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/virginia/frederick-county/opequon-historic-district-02000515/"}