{"nrhp_refnum":"01001521","name":"Black Horse Tavern-Bellvue Hotel and Office","other_names":["80-410","80-409","80-408"],"category":"building","location":{"address":"7223-7229 Old Mountain Rd.","address_restricted":false,"city":"Roanoke","county":"Roanoke (city and county)","state":"VA","lat":37.34609644200003,"lon":-79.91480427099998,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"2002-01-24","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Commerce","Transportation","Architecture","Education"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A complex of three historic buildings on a 4.15-acre site at 7223-7229 Old Mountain Road in northeast Roanoke County, Virginia: the ca. 1782 log Black Horse Tavern, the ca. 1854 brick Bellvue Hotel and the ca. 1840 temple-fronted brick Bellvue Office, along the old Carolina Road at the base of Read Mountain.","why_significant":"The nomination argues the complex is a rare surviving group of late-18th to mid-19th century tavern and hotel buildings on the Carolina Road, part of the Great Wagon Road, and that the tavern is possibly the earliest surviving tavern in Roanoke County. It also cites the unusual Greek Revival brick office and the property's later use as a private school for handicapped children. It is significant under Criteria A and C at the local level.","narrative":"Along Old Mountain Road in northeast Roanoke County, at the base of Read Mountain, three early buildings survive beside the route of the old Carolina Road. The oldest is the Black Horse Tavern, a one-story log building from about 1782 covered in German siding, established by Thomas Madison on land once part of the Stone House Tract. About 150 yards away stands the brick Bellvue Hotel, built in 1854 by William and James Kyle as an upgrade to the tavern, with a Greek Revival design. Nearby is a small brick office from about 1840 with a pedimented, columned front, an unusual form for an outbuilding. Both the tavern and hotel lodged travelers on the Great Wagon Road between Pennsylvania and North Carolina. In the 1930s the hotel and office became Bellevue School, which boarded handicapped children until 1976. The property was listed for its role in commerce, transportation, architecture and education between 1782 and 1951.","period_of_significance":"1782-1951","architect_builder":"Bellvue Hotel built by William and James Kyle; Black Horse Tavern established by Thomas Madison","architectural_style":"Greek Revival","criteria":["A","C"],"status_note":"Bellvue was restored as a private residence after the school closed in 1976 and continues in that use; the form's current function lists the commercial portion as vacant (not in use) alongside single dwelling use.","vacant_flag":null,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-sonnet-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.0-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 02:52:00.682619-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/opastorage/live/69/6832/41683269/content/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_VA/01001521.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/01001521/3dba733f1a-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/01001521/3dba733f1a-1600.webp","licence":"CC BY-SA 4.0","author":"Jerrye &amp; Roy Klotz, MD","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BLACK_HORSE_TAVERN-BELLEVUE_HOTEL_AND_OFFICE,_ROANOKE_COUNTY.jpg\" rel=\"noopener\">Jerrye &amp;amp; Roy Klotz, MD</a>, <a href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:BLACK_HORSE_TAVERN-BELLEVUE_HOTEL_AND_OFFICE,_ROANOKE_COUNTY.jpg"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/41683269","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Horse_Tavern-Bellvue_Hotel_and_Office","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15199565"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/virginia/roanoke/black-horse-tavern-bellvue-hotel-and-office-01001521/"}