{"nrhp_refnum":"00000518","name":"Fairfield Historic District","other_names":[],"category":"district","location":{"address":"Roughly bounded by Landis Dr., Steelman St., Wortz Dr., and NW border Fairfield Borough","address_restricted":false,"city":"Fairfield","county":"Adams County","state":"PA","lat":39.795283470000044,"lon":-77.36873141202292,"geom_source":"nps_gis"},"listed_date":"2000-05-18","is_nhl":false,"nhl_designated_date":null,"areas_of_significance":["Architecture","Military"],"significance_levels":["local"],"summary":{"what_it_is":"A historic district comprising the town of Fairfield and adjoining farmland in southeastern Adams County, Pennsylvania, along State Route 116 at the base of Jacks Mountain. The district includes 117 contributing buildings, one contributing site and two contributing structures.","why_significant":"The district is significant under Criterion A for its association with the Confederate retreat route after the Battle of Gettysburg and for hospital sites used during and after the battle, including a Confederate field hospital on the Daniel Musselman farm. It is significant under Criterion C as a concentration of late 18th to early 20th century residential, social and commercial buildings that retain much of their 1863 appearance.","narrative":"Fairfield is a small market town of brick, stone and frame buildings laid out on a main street and cross-street grid in Adams County, Pennsylvania. Its centre was built around the 1797 stone manor house of John Miller, and most of the historic buildings date from the late 18th century through the first half of the 19th century, with Greek Revival forms and later Italianate and Gothic detailing. In the summer of 1863 the town was occupied by Confederate forces during the Gettysburg campaign. Wounded Union cavalrymen were cared for in local homes after a skirmish on July 3, and a Confederate field hospital was set up on the nearby Daniel Musselman farm. The town was then the collection point for the Confederate retreat on July 4 and 5. The surviving streetscape, farm setting and buildings associated with the wounded and the retreat are the basis for listing.","period_of_significance":"1797-1950","architect_builder":null,"architectural_style":"Mid-19th century/Greek Revival; Late Victorian/Italianate; Late Victorian/Gothic","criteria":["A","C"],"status_note":null,"vacant_flag":null,"machine_generated":true,"model":"claude-haiku-5-5","prompt_version":"v1.1-2026-10-29","generated_at":"2026-10-29 17:11:35.900778-05","source_pdf":"https://s3.amazonaws.com/NARAprodstorage/lz/electronic-records/rg-079/NPS_PA/00000518.pdf"},"photo":{"url_800":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/00000518/f8f3730700-800.webp","url_1600":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/media/00000518/f8f3730700-1600.webp","licence":"CC0","author":"Smallbones","credit_html":"<a href=\"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fairfield_HD_Adams_Co_PA.JPG\" rel=\"noopener\">Smallbones</a>, <a href=\"http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/deed.en\" rel=\"license noopener\">CC0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons","source_page":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fairfield_HD_Adams_Co_PA.JPG"},"district":null,"sources":{"nps_snapshot_date":"2026-05-22","nara_catalog":"https://catalog.archives.gov/id/71992094","wikipedia":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fairfield_Historic_District_(Fairfield,_Pennsylvania)","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5430297"},"indexable":true,"url":"https://nationalhistoricalregister.com/pennsylvania/adams-county/fairfield-historic-district-00000518/"}